@article { author = {Abdou, A.}, title = {Productive Performance of Lactating Buffaloes Fed Rations Containing some Feed Additives under Summer Season in Egypt.}, journal = {Journal of Animal and Poultry Production}, volume = {9}, number = {7}, pages = {285-293}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3642}, eissn = {2090-3723}, doi = {10.21608/jappmu.2018.41110}, abstract = {This study was conducted to compare the effect of supplementing yeast combined with chromium methionine (Cr-Met) or niacin or their mixture into rations of lactating buffaloes on their productive performance over 120 days of an experimental period under summer season conditions. Twelve lactating buffalos with an average 550 Kg live body weight and in their 4th or 5th seasons at mid-lactation, were divided randomly into four similar groups (three buffaloes per group) according to their live body weight and milk yield. Dietary treatments (on DM) were as follows: (T1) control ration that free from feed additives, T2: control ration plus 10g yeast + 5g Cr-Met, T3: control ration plus 10g yeast + 5g niacin and T4: control ration plus 10g yeast + 5g Cr-Met + 5g niacin. The experimental rations were formulated to cover maintenance and production allowance according to Kearl (1982) for dairy cattle. Results indicated that supplementing lactating buffalo rations with different feed additives (T2, T3 and T4) improved the digestibility of most nutrients and feeding values as TDN and DCP than those of control one (T1). No significant differences were found respecting most blood serum constituents among all groups of lactating buffaloes, except globulin concentration was significantly (P<0.05) lower with those fed tested rations compared with that of control group. The 7% - FCM yield was significantly (P<0.05) higher for all tested rations (T2, T3 and T4) than that of control one (T1). Also, 7% - FCM yield of both tested rations (T3 and T4) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in tested one (T2), being the highest value was recorded with T4 ration that supplemented with the mixture of additives (yeast - Cr-Met - niacin). The daily 7% - FCM yield was increased by (11.18%) for T2, (15.91%) for T3 and (18.43%) for T4 supplemented rations compared with unsupplemented ration (T1). Milk composition was not affected by any treatments except lactose percentage which was significantly (P<0.05) decreased with those fed T2 – ration compared with those fed other experimental rations (T1, T3 and T4). Likewise, feed conversion was significantly (P<0.05) improved with all animals fed tested rations (containing feed additives) being the best improvement was occurred with mixture of supplements (yeast plus Cr-Met and niacin). Meanwhile, relative economic efficiency was 5.3, 6.5 and 7.8 % for tested rations T2, T3 and T4, respectively being better than that of control one (T1). Generally, from the obtained results indicated that the supplementation of different feed additives to lactating buffalo rations had positive effects on digestibility, feeding value, some blood serum parameter, milk yield and economic efficiency.}, keywords = {Lactating buffaloes,chromium methionine,Niacin,yeast,digestibility,blood parameters,milk production,economical efficiency}, url = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41110.html}, eprint = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41110_804be23ac8ebd7953e9494b520b5d360.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Khalek, A. and El-Harairy, M. and El-Bana, M. and Shehab El-Din, A. and Omar, M.}, title = {Impact of Single or Multiple Doses of Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin (PMSG) on Superovulatory Response of Post-Partum Friesian Cows}, journal = {Journal of Animal and Poultry Production}, volume = {9}, number = {7}, pages = {295-304}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3642}, eissn = {2090-3723}, doi = {10.21608/jappmu.2018.41112}, abstract = {This study aimed to compare the effect of using PMSG at a level of 2500 IU in term of one dose, two doses (1250 IU for each at 12 h interval) or 4 doses (650 IU for each at 12 h interval) on superovulatory response (SOVR), and yield and quality of embryos. A total of 21 Friesian cows (450-550 kg LBW, 3.5-5.5 y old and 1-3 parities) were used as embryo donors. Cows were fed and managed under the same conditions. All cows were i.m. injected with 3 ml PGF2α/cow (Estrumate) for estrous synchronization. Cows in the 1st protocol (P1) were i.m. injected with one dose of PMSG (2500 IU/cow) on day 10 of estrous cycle (control), while those in the 2nd and 3rd protocols were i.m. injected with two doses of PMSG (1250 IU/dose/cow) at 12 h interval on day 10 of estrous cycle (P2) and with four doses of PMSG (625 IU/dose/cow) at 12 h interval on day 10 and 11 of estrous cycle (P3), respectively. After 48 hours of the last PMSG dose in all protocols, all cows were i.m. injected with 2 ml PGF2α/cow. Both AI and GnRH (5 ml Receptal/animal) injections were done on day 14 in P1 and P2 and day 15 in P3. Embryos were un-surgically flushed 7 days post-AI. Number of total follicles (TFN), large follicles (LFN) and CLs (CLN), and diameter of follicles/cow on day of AI and flushing were determined. Ovulation rate (OR), embryo recovery rate (ERR) and quality of non-surgically recovered 7 days post-AI were determined. Results showed that on day of AI, FN, LFN and follicular diameter tended to be the highest in P3, moderate in P2 and the lowest in P1. On day of flushing, total and large follicles were the greatest and the widest in P2, followed by P1, and the least and the narrowest in P3. Ovulatory sites (CLN) was greater in P1 and P3 (2.00 and 2.07/ovary) than in P2 (1.57/ovary). The effect of protocol, ovarian side and their interaction on follicular number and diameter, and CLs number was not significant on AI and flushing days. The response to CLs formation on day of flushing on the right, left or both ovaries was 100% in each protocol. Showing CLs was higher on the right than on the left ovaries in P1 (85.7 vs. 71.4%), being the opposite (71.4 vs. 85.7%) in P2 and similar in P3 (85.7 on each side). OR was higher (P<0.05) in P1 than in P2 (69.9 vs. 52.3%), but did not differ in P3 (59.1%) from that in P1 and P2. Percentage of cows produced embryos was highest in P3 (71.4%), moderate in P1 (57.1%) and the lowest in P2 (14.2%) with average number of 1.71, 1.86 and 0.57 embryos/cow, respectively. ERR was higher in P1 and P3 (46.5 and 41.3%) than in P2 (18.1%). About 25% of cows in P1 produced 5 embryos, and 40% in P3 produced 2 embryos versus one cow in P2 (14.3%) produced 4 embryos. Distribution of embryos at morula stage was higher (50%) in P2 than in P1 (30.8%) and P3 (33.4%). Distribution of embryos at compact morula stage was the highest in P1 and P3 (53.8 and 41.7%) than in P2 (25%) versus 15.4 and 16.6% at blastocyst stage in P1 and P3. Distribution of transferable embryos was 95.3, 50.0 and 83.3% in P1, P2 and P3, respectively.  Superovulation of Friesian cows with PMSG (2500 IU/cow) on day 10 of the estrous cycle, in term of 4 doses (625 IU) at 12-h interval, showed the best follicular response (number and diameter) on day of AI and the higher ovulatory response, in term of number of un-ovulated follicles and CLs as well as percentage of cows responded to produce embryos (71.4%) on day of flushing. The same PMSG as a single dose showed the highest response, in term of number of transferable embryos/cow (1.71/cow).}, keywords = {cattle,superovulation,PMSG,dose interval,ovulatory response,embryos}, url = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41112.html}, eprint = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41112_979c52341741cd67d695eca6a24a7b52.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Hawary, A. and Abd El-Hady, M.}, title = {Improving the Immune and Health Status and Blood Constituents of Egyptian Buffaloes and their Offspring in Response to Treating Dams with Selenomethionine and Levamisole}, journal = {Journal of Animal and Poultry Production}, volume = {9}, number = {7}, pages = {305-314}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3642}, eissn = {2090-3723}, doi = {10.21608/jappmu.2018.41114}, abstract = {The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of treating Egyptian buffaloes with some immunopotentiators as selenomethionine and levamisole HCl separately or in combination, during the late stage of pregnancy and early lactation period, on immune and health status and blood constituentsof the dams and their offspring as well as growth performance of their calf. Total of 28 Egyptian buffaloes weighing 600 ± 50 kg in 2nd – 4th lactation season at late stage of pregnancy (60 days before parturition) were selected to carry out this study. All experimental animals were randomly allocated in randomized design to four similar experimental groups (7 buffaloes / each). Animals in the 1st group were without treatment and served as a control group, while those in the 2nd group were orally administrated with 0.9 mg/kg of DM twice weekly of selenomethionine (Se-Met). The 3rd group were subcutaneously injected with 0.5 mg/kg of BW/week of levamisole HCl (LEV) and the 4th group were orally administrated with 0.9 mg / kg of DM twice weekly of selenomethionine plus 0.5 mg/kg of BW/week, subcutaneously of levamisole HCl (Se-Met+LEV) respectively, during 60 days pre- and post-partum. The obtained results showed that blood plasma TP, AL, T3 and T4 hormones, selenium and glucose concentrations as well as activity of transferases enzymes (ALT and AST) and antioxidant enzymes (GSH and SOD) were improved (P<0.05) in dams that administrated with Se-Met, LEV and Se-Met+LEV and their calf compared with untreated dams and its calves. The best (P<0.05) values recorded with dams received Se-Met+LEV together and their newborn calves. Administration of Se-Met, LEV and their combination Se-Met+LEV to dams achieved significantly (P<0.01) enhanced levels of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM and IgG, and significantly (P<0.01) reduced levels of  nitric oxide and cortisol in blood plasma of dams and their newborn calves as compared to the control dams and their offspring. The greatest (P<0.01) values of immunoglobulins IgA, IgM and IgG and least (P<0.01) values of nitric oxide and cortisol were detected in dams administrated with Se-Met+LEV together and their calf. Also, dams treated with a combination of Se-Met+LEV (G4) recorded significantly (P<0.01) increased concentrations of all immunoglobulins fractions  (IgA, IgM and IgG) in their colostrum as compared to the control dams or dams treated with Se-Met (G2) or LEV (G3) separately. Moreover, there were no recorded cases of newborn affection between calves delivered from all administrated dams compared with calves delivered from the control dams that shows more severe pneumonia and enteritis as a result of which two calves (28.57%) died in the first month of life. Average birth and weaning weights and daily gain of buffalo calves were significantly (P<0.05) higher by Se-Met, LEV and Se-Met+LEV administration to their dams, begin the highest (P<0.05) values of birth and weaning weights and daily gain of calf produced from buffalo dams received Se-Met+LEV together (G4). In conclusion, administration of some immunopotentitors as selenomethionine and levamisole HCl single or in combination to Egyptian buffaloes during the late stage of pregnancy and early lactation period (the transition period) had a valuable impact on immune and health status and blood constituents of dams and their calves as well as growth performance of their calves. Therefore, it can be recommend to administer the Egyptian buffalo dams with a combination of selenomethionine at level of 0.9 mg/kg of DM/twice weekly, orally plus injection subcutaneously with levamisole at level of 0.5 mg/kg of BW/weekly during the transition period for improving immune and healthstatus and blood constituents of dams and their newborn calves as well as growth performance of their offspring, which allow for raising good female calves for milk production or male calves for breeding.}, keywords = {selenomethionine,Levamisole,immunoglobulins,health status,blood constituents,buffaloes,calves}, url = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41114.html}, eprint = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41114_f3e5e550d29235271cf6fc57c8ba2ef7.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Moghazy, M. and Mostafa, M. and Shosha, A.}, title = {Influence of Nigella sativa Oil on Growth Performance and Feed Utilization and Comparison of different Non-Linear Functions against Linear Model to Describe the Growth Curve in Nile Tilapia}, journal = {Journal of Animal and Poultry Production}, volume = {9}, number = {7}, pages = {315-323}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3642}, eissn = {2090-3723}, doi = {10.21608/jappmu.2018.41119}, abstract = {This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels from Nigella sativa oil on growth performance and feed utilization and comparison of different nonlinear functions against linear model to describe the growth curve in Nile tilapia in order to select the best function. Nigella sativa oil was added at 1 ml, 2ml and 3 ml /1010 g diet to Nile tilapia diets based control diet and each diet was fed in two replicates during the period from 21/10/2014 to 7/4/2015.Winter experiment started at 27/1/2015 as the amount of feed decreased to be 5 g /tank every 2 days to study the effect of Nigella sativa oil on fish resistance to the decrease in bodyweight during winter season. Nigella sativa oil in Tilapia rations had significant effect on the different body weights. Specific growth rate did not affect significantly by elevated Nigella sativa oil levels except specific growth rate between 8 and 10 weeks (p=0.050), also, condition factor did not affect significantly except initial condition factor and after 12, 14, 16 and 22 weeks. Increasing the level of Nigella sativa oil in fish diet improved body length and body depth significantly. Furthermore, Nigella sativa oil had significant effect on feed intake and feed conversion ratio. In connection to non linear models and growth curve description, Weibull and Morgan-Mercer-Flodin equations gave the highest accuracies followed by Von Bertalanffy and linear regression. The present results showed that inclusion of Nigella sativa oil in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diets improved growth performance and feed utilization relatively. Regarding growth curve, Weibull and Morgan-Mercer-Flodin models were the best equations to describe growth curve.}, keywords = {Nigella sativa oil,Nile tilapia,feed utilization,Non linear models,Growth curve}, url = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41119.html}, eprint = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41119_12481ee012183ee3ce401ce4e679a039.pdf} } @article { author = {El- Ksas, Ebtsam and El – Komy, Shymaa and Sallam, M. and Khattab, A.}, title = {Phenotypic and Genotypic Trends for Body Weights Traits in Romanov Sheep}, journal = {Journal of Animal and Poultry Production}, volume = {9}, number = {7}, pages = {325-330}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3642}, eissn = {2090-3723}, doi = {10.21608/jappmu.2018.41122}, abstract = {Data on 820 Romanov lambs progeny of 30 sires it covered the period from 1995 to 2005 were used in this study. Lambs traits studied were birth weight (BW) body weight at one month (BW1), body weight at two months (BW2), weaning weight at three month (WW) and average daily gain from birth to weaning (ADG). Data were analysis by using mixed model. Means of BW, Bw1, BW2, WW and ADG were 2.90 kg, 7.10 kg, 10.50 kg, 13.02 kg and 115.50 g respectively. Sire of lambs, ewes within sires had a highly significant effect on all traits. Season and year of lambing, type of birth and sex had a significant effect on all studied traits, expect the effect 0f year lambing on BW and type of birth on BW1 and WW. Also, inbreeding coefficients had a highly significant effect on all body weight traits studied and decreased as inbreeding coefficient increased. Two animal models were used. Model 1 includes the fixed effects season and year of lambing, type of birth and sex and random effects of direct genetic effect, permanent environmental effect and residual effect. Model 2, is similar to model 1 and added maternal genetic effect and covariance between direct and maternal genetic effect.Determination of direct heritability for body weights traits ranged from 0.17 to 0.39 for model 1 and ranged from 0.13 to 0.29 for model 2. The removal of additive maternal effects and covariance between direct and maternal genetic effects (model 1) increased estimates of direct heritability. Therefore, including maternal effects the model resulted in more accurate estimation of (co) variance and genetic parameters of growth traits. Determination of phenotypic and genetic correlations among growth traits studied were moral and highly significant. While, annual phenotypic and genetic trends for body weights traits were negative.}, keywords = {Phenotypic,genetic trends,body weight,and Romanov sheep}, url = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41122.html}, eprint = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41122_26a07a89cdfd254c096ddab4e1efa120.pdf} } @article { author = {Sherif, Kh. and Rabie, M. and Bedair, A.}, title = {Effect of Feeding Graded Levels of Carrot Tops Hay on Growth Performance of New Zealand White Rabbits}, journal = {Journal of Animal and Poultry Production}, volume = {9}, number = {7}, pages = {331-336}, year = {2018}, publisher = {Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture}, issn = {2090-3642}, eissn = {2090-3723}, doi = {10.21608/jappmu.2018.41124}, abstract = {This experiment was designed to assess the possibility of using graded levels of carrot tops hay (CTH) in rabbit diets and its effect on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, economic efficiency and certain blood constituents. Sixty 6-week-old New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into 5 equal experimental groups, each with four equal replications and kept in cages in an open-sided rabbitry. Five experimental diets containing different levels (0.0, 10, 20, 30and 40%) of CTH were formulated and used from6 to14 weeks of age. The experimental animals were fed their experimental diets and clean drinking water ad libitum. The criteria of response (body weight, feed consumption, weight gain and efficiency of feed utilization) were estimated weekly on a replicate group basis. During the last week of study, five digestion trials were performed to estimate the nutrient digestibility of the experimental diets. When the rabbits were 14 weeks of age, 5 rabbits from each treatment were randomly selected and fasted for 18 hours before slaughtering. Carcass yield, giblets (liver, heart and kidneys) and total edible parts were estimated relative to LBW at slaughter. Some blood plasma parameters were also determined. The obtained results can be summarized as follows: Dietary inclusion of CTH  up to 30% had no adverse effect on all criteria of growth performance of 14-week-old rabbits. However, rabbits fed diet containing 40% CTH had significantly lower final body weight and total gain compared with other experimental treatments. Dietary treatments had no significant effect on  total feed intake or efficiency of feed utilization. Rabbits fed diets containing different levels of CTH achieved significantly better economic efficiency of feeding (EEF) compared with those fed on the control diet, the highest mean of EEF was achieved by rabbits received the 30% CTH-diet. There were significant differences in digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and ether extract (EE) among the experimental treatments, Inclusion of CTH  at 40% significantly depressed the digestibility of DM, OM and  EE compared with other treatments. Feeding diets containing the CTH up to 30% did not negatively affect digestibility of nutrients. Dietary treatments did not significantly affect carcass traits (carcass yield, giblets and total edible parts ) or blood measurements. We can conclude that carrot tops hay can safely be used in growing rabbit diets up to 30% without any adverse effect on their performance or carcass traits.}, keywords = {Carrot tops hay,Growth performance,Rabbits}, url = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41124.html}, eprint = {https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_41124_2b592799d4bb1899453f525d5cfac108.pdf} }