eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2014-03-01
5
3
115
125
10.21608/jappmu.2014.69424
69424
Original Article
A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE EFFECT OF LINOLEIC ACID AND CONJUGATED LINOLEIC ACID ON BOVINE OOCYTE DEVELOPMENTAL COMPETENCE
W. A. Khalil
1
W. F. Marei
2
H. Farooq
3
M. Khalid
4
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt. Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.
Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.
Optimization of in vitro oocyte maturation conditions is crucial to maximize the number and quality of the transferable embryos. A demand for optimised chemically defined, serum-free medium for this purpose is increasing. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to influence oocyte competence. Many ruminant diets are rich in the omega 6 Linoleic acid (LA) which has detrimental effect on oocyte developmental competence in vitro in the absence of antioxidants. In ruminants, biohydrogenation of fatty acids changes the structure of a high proportion of dietary LA into conjugated LA (CLA). The aim of this study was to compare the effect of LA and CLA supplementation to serum‑free maturation media on the oocyte maturation rate and subsequent embryo development. The result revealed that the cumulus cell expansion and oocyte nuclear maturation to MII stage were inhibited by LA supplementation. This was reflected in subsequent development where higher proportion of embryos produced from the LA-treated oocytes were blocked at 2–cell stage and resulted in lower cleavage and blastocyst rates. The quality of the blastocyst produced in the LA group was similar to that of the control. In contrast, CLA did not affect cumulus cell expansion, nuclear maturation or the subsequent cleavage and blastocyst rates, however, blastocysts produced form CLA-treated oocytes had more total cell numbers due to increased trophectoderm (TE) cells. In conclusion, in serum free conditions, CLA supplementation resulted better quality embryos when compared to LA.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_69424_3fd38bef6c70bdb4bd9ee26682e67d2b.pdf
Linoleic acid
conjugated
IVF
embryos
Blastocysts
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2014-03-01
5
3
127
141
10.21608/jappmu.2014.69432
69432
Original Article
INFLUENCE OF FEEDING NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES ON PUBERTAL PHASES, BLOOD METABOLITES AND FATTENING OF ZARAIBI MALE KIDS
Behery, R.
1
Khalifa E.
2
Mahrous A.
3
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of non-traditional dietary energy as protected fat (PF) and corn steep liquor (CSL) and combination between PF and CSL on upbringing male kids as sires for flock or fattening for marketing. Hence, testis development during pubertal stages, blood metabolites and fattening of Zaraibi male kids were studied. Twenty Zaraibi male kids with an average initial body weight of 15.69 kg and aged 135 days were used. Kids were assigned to four equal groups (N=5 /group) and received non-conventional energy treatments as E1 (control), E2, E3 and E4 contained 10.99, 11.92, 11.63 and 11.96 MJ/kg, respectively. The basal control diet E1 included concentrate feed mixture (CFM) + rice straws (RS). While, E2, E3 and E4 consisted of CFM + RS supplemented with 5% PF, 5% CSL or 2.5% PF + 2.5% CSL, respectively. The stages of age during puberty, changing of body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular volume and testosterone concentration were evaluated during pubertal phases. When kids reached puberty, semen characteristics were investigated. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to assay glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL concentrations. Moreover, fattening performance was estimated for live body weight, average daily weight gain, dry matter intake, feed conversion ratio, water consumption, feed cost and economical efficiency. The results obtained during all pubertal stages, indicated that the kids which received E4 diet had the highest (P<0.05) testicular growth measurements (scrotal circumference and volume), testosterone levels and semen characteristics compared to the other energy levels. Plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL concentrations did not significantly differ among all energy diets. Also, E4 diet showed a significantly (P<0.05) higher live body weight, average daily weight gain and economical efficiency than kids fed other dietary energy. On the contrary, kids fed E4 achieved lower (P<0.05) dry matter intake, feed conversion ratio, water consumption and feed cost than other kids fed different energy diets. Based on results of the present study, it could be safely concluded that supplemented combination between PF and CSL to male kid rations indicated the best testicular development during pubertal stages, semen characteristics at puberty, blood metabolites and feedlot performance.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_69432_42d6c6b09486c1e7b8a3562d3471ef93.pdf
Male kid goats
puberty
Growth
non-conventional feed energy
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2014-03-01
5
3
143
156
10.21608/jappmu.2014.69429
69429
NUTRITIONAL STUDIES ON SOME DIFFERENT SOURCES AND LEVELS OF IODINE ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE, RUMINAL FERMENTATION AND BLOOD CONSTITUENTS OF BUFFALO. 3-EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF IODINE ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF BUFFALO CALVES.
Kh. Zeedan
1
S. I. Weld Abd-Elkader
2
Kh. Mousa
3
K. Etman
4
Department of Animal Nutrition Research. Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Animal Nutrition Research. Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Animal Nutrition Research. Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Department of Animal Nutrition Research. Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Twenty buffalo calves of 10-month of age and an average initial live body weight (LBW) 235 kg were chosen and divided into five similar groups (4 animals in each), based on their LBW. Animals were used in 220- days randomized complete block design for feeding trial. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding rations containeddifferent levels from iodine (I)on productive performance of fattening buffalo calves. Concentrate feed mixture (CFM), berseem hay (BH) and rice straw (RS) were given to animals as a control ration (I0) without supplementation, while the other groups I1 , I2, I3 and I4, received the control ration supplemented with iodine at the levels of 0.5, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 mg I per kg DM intake/h/d, respectively. Five digestibility trials were carried out to determine the digestibility coefficient and nutritive values of experimental rations. Blood samples were collected from all animals at 4 hrs post feeding to measure some blood parameters.
Results obtained could be summarized as follows:
1- Supplementing buffaloes ration with different levels of I improved the digestibility coefficient of all nutrients shown the adding 2 mg I was the best. TDN were 62.22, 64.99, 67.68, 69.71 and 72.64% for I0, I1, I2, I3 and I4 respectively; the respective values of DCP were 7.01, 7.99, 8.59, 9.25 and 10.00% at the same treatments.
2- Average daily gain were 960, 1045, 1105, 1156 and 1270 gm/h for animals feed I0, I1, I2, I3 and I4 respectively, showing the best daily gain with animals feed 2 mg I/kg DMI (I4).
3- Animals fed ration I4 were the best feed conversion expressed as kg DM, TDN and DCP per kg gain, being 4.96, 3.61, and 0. 50 kg, respectively.
4- Also, animals fed I4 appeared to the best economical efficiency (1.91) with the lowest feed cost/kg gain (12.02 LE).
5- Iodine supplementation significant improved the blood contents of RBC, WBC, Hb, PCV, total protein, globulin, glucose, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4).
Generally, it could be concluded that I supplementation for ration of growing Egyptian buffalo calves considerably improved nutrients digestibilities, nutritive values and economic efficiencies, showing the level with 2 mg I/kg DMI was the best treatment.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_69429_3a79b860f419856ef4df35ac1c516fc4.pdf
Buffalo
Iodine
performance
blood components
digestibility
feed efficiency