eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
149
153
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45829
45829
Original Article
If Pre-Storage Heating Improve the Hatchability and Decreased Embryonic Mortality of Broiler Breeder Eggs Stored for Long Period
Z. Kalaba
1
E. Abo Egla
2
M. Taman
3
Poul. Prod. Department; Fac. of Agri; Mans. University; Mansoura; Egypt.
Poul. Prod. Department; Fac. of Agri; Mans. University; Mansoura; Egypt.
Poul. Prod. Department; Fac. of Agri; Mans. University; Mansoura; Egypt.
The experiment was conducted on 1080 fertile eggs (average 62 grams weight) collected from AL-SHROUK breeder farms of 34 weeks old breeding flock. This eggs were randomly divided into 3 groups of 360 eggs according to storage period (7, 14 and 21 days) and subdivide into 4 groups of 90 eggs each according to warming treatments (0, 4, 8 and 12 hours) at 37.5°C, after the warming treatments eggs placed for two hours in setter hall and back into cooler operating at 16 – 18oC and 60 – 80% relative humidity until end of all storage time. Egg storage until 7 days showed the best significantly values for fertile eggs, fertility%, hatchability%, hatchability of fertile eggs%, average chick weight. However storage until 21 days showed the highest significantly number of un-hatched eggs and showed the highest number of total embryonic morality and weight losses. Pre-hating at 4 hours showed the highest significantly values for hatchability percentage and hatchability of fertile eggs percentage but Pre-hating at 12 hours showed the highest significantly number of un-hatched eggs and showed the highest number of total embryonic morality without any significant effect. Interaction between storage periods and pre-heating treatments showed significantly effect on hatchability percentage, hatchability of fertile eggs percentage, chick weight, un-hatched egg, embryonic mortality, percentages of chick weight before and after storage, and dead chicks.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45829_da926a82ceffb12828d094e019500c30.pdf
(Egg storage
pre-heating
embryonic mortality)
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
155
160
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45831
45831
Original Article
Effect of Pre-Hatching Thermal Conditioning and Post-Hatch Vitamin C Addition on Productive Performance and Some Blood Parameters of Broiler Chicks.
H. Tag El-Din
1
I. El-Wardany
2
Sara Hasab
3
Dept of Poult. production, Fac.of Agric. Damieta Univ.
Dept of Poult. production, Fac.of Agric. Ain shams Univ.
Dept of Poult. production, Fac.of Agric. Damieta Univ.
The present study was conducted to evaluate the rale of thermal conditioning (TC) of broiler eggs during incubation period, and vitamin C (VC) supplementation to drinking water of hatched chicks on their performance and some blood parameters. A total of 300 eggs were assigned randomly to three experimental groups: control and two thermal conditioning groups (TC-7 and TC-14) which were exposed to 39.5±0.5°C for 4h at the 7th or 14th day of incubation respectively. After hatching, each group was subdivided into two subgroups a control and VC-supplemented one. Vitamin C was supplied at a level of 1g/liter of drinking water. The experimental was extended for 5 weeks. Growth performance and blood protein were measured. Results showed that live body weight (LBW) was significantly increased at the first week of age, but no differences in LBW were detected at the other ages. However there were an insignificant increase in the final LBW chicks of TC-7 and TC-14. Administration of VC significantly increased LBW of chicks at 4 and 5 weeks of age compared with the control group. No significant effect of TC on Body Weight Gain (BWG) of chicks at different ages, however, VC addition has a significant effect on BWG at the periods from 3-5 weeks of age and for the whole period. Feed intake was significantly affected by TC treatments, where chicks from TC-7group showed an increase than the other groups. Vitamin C addition significantly reduced feed intake of broiler chicks at 4-5 weeks of age and for the whole period. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was not significantly affected by either TC or VC addition during the the whole period, but there were significant improvement in FCR for TC-7 chick's group at the period from 1-2 wk and for VC-treated chicks at 3-4 weeks of age . There were non significant effects of TC treatment on blood plasma protein fractions, however VC addition significantly increased plasma total protein level. It is concluded that thermal manipulation of broiler eggs at different period of incubation and vitamin C addition for hatched chicks could be used as a practical approach to alleviate the negative impact of heat stress on broiler chicks performance.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45831_69cefd2518d8cf521d4afff8b1d3bfc4.pdf
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
161
165
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45841
45841
Original Article
Effect of Short Period Incubation During Egg Storage on Hatchability, Embryonic Mortality and Chick Quality
T. Tag EL-Din
1
Z. Kalaba
2
K. EL-Kholy
3
S. Abd-EL-Maksoud
4
1Poult . Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Demitta. University; Demitta; Egypt.
Poult . Prod. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Mans. University; Mansoura; Egypt.
Poult . Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Demitta. University; Demitta; Egypt.
Poult . Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Demitta. University; Demitta; Egypt.
Current experiment conducted on 5850 hatching egg (av. 59.5g) purchased from EL-KASABE for investment Shiver® Breeder farms (34 weeks old). A total of 2250 egg were assigned into 5 treatments of 450 egg representing storage periods of (0, 7, 14, 21 and 29 days) and the other 3600 egg were subdivide into 4 groups of 900 egg each according to SPIDES-short period incubation (fresh, 0, 2.5 and 5 hours) at 99.5°F. After SPIDES, treated egg placed for 2.5 hours in setter room and back into storage room at 12 – 16oC and 75 – 85% relative humidity according to the storage time. Egg storage for 7 days had better (P≤0.05) values for fertile egg, hatchability percentages, hatch window, embryonic mortality (early, mid and late), piped and chick quality. However, storage until 29 days showed the lowest significantly (P≤0.05) percent hatchability, hatchability for fertile egg, long incubation time, highest number of total embryonic morality and lowest number of chick quality. SPIDES (2.5 h) recorded higher hatchability traits, but SPIDES 5 hours showed the highest significantly (P≤0.05) number of early embryonic mortality and lowest number of chick quality. Accordingly, when egg stored for more than 7, 14, 21 and 29 days, it should be SPIDES-short period incubation 2.5 h every five days once, twice or fourth time during storage period to minimize the harmful impact of storage.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45841_daa4259edc58130b4ac5a1c819614496.pdf
egg storage
short period incubation
SPIDES
embryonic mortality
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
167
172
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45843
45843
Original Article
Effects of Cryopreservation of Buffalo and Bovine Spermatozoa on Sperm DNA Damage and Early Embryonic Development
H. El-Regalaty
1
Animal Prod. Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Giza, Egypt.
Semen was collected using artificial vagina as per the standard practice from 3 healthy Egyptian buffalo and 3 Holstein Friesian bulls with good body condition, and their age ranged between 4 to 6 yr. Routine semen evaluation was performed. For a better prediction of buffalo and bovine sperm fertility, the first objective was to measure DNA fragmentation in buffalo and bovine bull semen using the alkaline Halo sperm assay. The second objective was to study the influence of cryopreservation process on sperm sustainability of the zygotic and embryonic development. The results revealed that the ejaculate volume and sperm concentration /ml differed (p<0.05) between the bovine and the buffalo bulls. Sperm physical characteristics including sperm motility, livability, percentage of dead sperm, abnormalities, acrosomal damage and values of sperm with halo were found to be different (p<0.05) depending on the species. Semen characteristics of bovine bull are almost better than there of buffalo.Sperm with halo (competent DNA) percentage was. There was a general decrease in post-thawing semen quality parameters including percentages of the live sperm, motility, dead, abnormality, acrosomal damage, and halo sperm value for buffalo and bovine. Moreover, evidence from the current results suggests that the percentage of embryos produced from insemination by fresh sperm had greater (p<0.05) values for the bovine in relation to the buffalo. The rate of development to morula or blastocyst, irrespective of the species or the status of the inseminated sperm (fresh or frozen/thawed) was comparable. It was concluded that (irrespective of the species) sperm freezing/thawing process significantly affected each of sperm physical characteristics and rate of DNA damage. It was also proposed that paternal effects on fertility may go beyond events of fertilization and completion of early stages of embryonic development, and might involve the ability of those embryos to sustain its development to the later stages.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45843_5e6f5bf1647880db0618abd3b57a4fa4.pdf
Buffalo
bovine
Bull semen
cryopreservation
Embryonic development
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
173
177
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45844
45844
Original Article
Impact of Adding Rumen Protected Lysine or/and Methionine on Some Wool Characteristics in Barki Sheep
W. Ramadan
1
M. El-Harairy
2
W. Khalil
3
Alaa Youssef
4
Wool Production and Technology Department, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center.
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University
Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University
Wool Production and Technology Department, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center.
Twenty four adult Barki eweswere used to investigate the effect of addition of rumen protected amino acids, lysine or/and methionineon some wool characteristics. This study was carried out from September 2016 to February 2017. Animals were divided into four groups (6ewes/group). The first group (Control): fed only the control diet, second group (LYS): fed the control diet and rumen protected lysine (6g Lysi pearl /kg concentrate, 3g /animal/day), third group (MET): fed the control diet and rumen protected methionine (14g Smartamin/kg concentrate, 7g /animal/day) and fourth group (LYS+MET): fed the control diet and mixture of (3g LYS and 7g MET/animal/day) for six months. Some wool measurements were investigated such as fiber length, fiber diameter, staple strength and wool growth per 10 cm2 and clean wool yield. Results showed that supplementing methionine caused significant (P<0.05) increase in fiber length, fiber diameter, staple strength and clean wool yield. Lysine increased fiber length significantly (P<0.05), but did not affect clean wool yield and caused small increase in both staple strength and fiber diameter. Supplementing of (mixture of methionine and lysine) increased significantly fiber length, wool yield and staple strength, but caused insignificant increase in clean wool production per 10cm2, but had no significant effect on fiber diameter.From these results, it can be concluded that addition of rumen protected methionine (7g Smartamin/animal/day) forsix monthsenhanced significantly wool characteristics of Barki ewes (fiber length, fiber diameter, staple strength and clean wool yield).
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45844_379a0697ec44e159663b5934ef4f450f.pdf
sheep
lysine
methionine
wool characteristics
Amino acids
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
179
185
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45845
45845
Original Article
Impact of Milk Collection Centers on Dairy Production System in the Newly Reclaimed Area of Nubaria
Sahar Abd-Elrahaeim
sahar_2007@hotmail.com
1
Dalia Yassin
2
Animal Production Research Institute
Agricultural Economics Research Center
This study was implemented to investigate the effect of Milk Collection Centers, MCC, as a major intervention affecting milk production system. Four villages were selected in the Nubaria area; two of which have collection centers and the other did not. A hundred farmers from the 4 villages (25 each) was randomly selected and interviewed and information was collected in a semi-structured questionnaire. Results indicated the significant impacts on different parameters of the system including production resources (number of paid labor and their salaries, more land holding areas, cropping pattern and herd structure). Farmers in villages with MCC tend to increase area cultivated with forages for providing animal feeds and prefer of keeping more buffalo, as their fat-rich whit milk is customer-preferred. Framers in villages with MCC pay more attention to the feeding of their animals e.g. giving more concentrates and silage, as well as to producing cleaner milk utilizing machine milking and practice milking in separate places out of barns. These practices are paid off in terms of increasing milk productivity and price of milk, and therefore the total income from dairy production. Paralally farmers also targeted genetic improvement practices, i.e. utilization of AI, instead of natural mating. These findings indicate the need of spreading the MCC over all villages in the reclaimed area, as well as, old delta lands, in order to improve the dairy production system and increasing farm income. In spite of the fact that the studied villages have been assumed to be for newly graduates, the majority of interviewed farmers were not graduates; rather they were old farmers from the delta who purchased those lands from the graduates. This situation of graduates selling their lands, instead of settling needs more investigation to identify reasons behind and means of solving such a problem.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45845_5a68efbabac4e9514a21da9c92031a13.pdf
dairy production system
newly reclaimed land
Milk Collection Centers
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
187
194
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45846
45846
Original Article
Comparative Study of Concentration of Some Minerals in Milk and Blood Plasma of Sheep and Goats Native and Foreign During Post-Partum Period under Climatic Conditions of Upper Egypt
A. Damarany
1
Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Egypt.
The present study aimed to determine concentrations of sodium, potassium, copper and zinc in milk and blood plasma of Awassi, Baladi ewes and Boer, Baladi goats during the winter and summer seasons. Used in this experiment number of 180 ewes and goats. The blood and milk samples were taken after one month post partum. The samples were stored at -18 ºC till time of analysis. The minerals were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer used to estimate copper and zinc and Flame Emission Photometry was used for estimation of sodium and potassium. The overall concentrations of (sodium, potassium, copper and zinc) in milk of Awassi and Baladi ewes were (533.8 ± 13.3, 493.9 ± 13.0, 1475.0 ± 20.4, 1372.6± 26.3, 0.740 ± 0.15, 0.442± 0.20, 6.8 ± 0.7 and 5.4± 0.6 mg/l), while in blood plasma were (2321.5± 10.8, 2034.3± 8.8, 186.2± 1.1, 142.5± 2.3, 0.87±0.01, 0.51±0.02, 1.72± 0.01 and 0.56± 0.02 mg/l) respectively. Meanwhile, concentrations of sodium, potassium, copper and zinc in milk of Boer and Baladi goats were (541.0 ± 15.6, 455.6 ± 14.3, 1660.3 ± 19.5, 1511.5 ± 13.9, 0.718 ± 0.25, 0.426± 0.30, 3.2 ± 0.3 and 2.7± 0.3 mg/l), while in blood plasma were (3263.7± 11.3, 1885.8± 11.3, 203.05± 1.7, 161.6± 1.6, 0.89±0.01, 0.55±0.01, 1.1± 0.01 and 0.51± 0.01 mg/l) respectively. The present results display that concentrations of sodium, potassium, copper and zinc in milk and blood plasma were higher in Awassi ewes and Boer goats compared with Baladi ewes and goats. Concentrations of studied elements in milk and blood plasma during the summer season recorded lower levels than winter season in ewes and goats. Thus, the study recommended supplementation of mixture of salts to diet of animals during the summer season in order to conservation of the minerals concentration in the normal levels in milk or blood. In addition, the assay of the studied minerals (sodium, potassium, copper and zinc) in milk compared with blood plasma is more easy and also accurate in ewes and goats.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45846_0582cf6111067ced8fc337a795ab2927.pdf
minerals
Milk
blood plasma
Ewes
goats
winter
summer season
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2017-07-01
8
7
195
202
10.21608/jappmu.2017.45848
45848
Original Article
Epigenetics TREND for some Productive and Reproductive Traits of Friesian Cattle Raised in Egypt
Safaa Sanad
1
M. Gharib
2
Animal production research Institute – Research center – Egypt.
Animal production research Institute – Research center – Egypt.
The objectives of this study were to estimate the genetic parameters and Epigenetics TREND (EP) of milk traits of herd of Friesian in Egypt. The studied traits were 305 day milk yield (305d-MY, kg),total milk yield (TMY, kg), Lactation period (LP, day), days open (DO) and number of services per conception (NSC, services).The data included 1794 records of 704 cows daughters of 86 bulls and 439 damduring the years 2007to 2016 were collected from Alkarda farm (Government farm) located in Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt. Single-Trait animal model was used to estimate genetic parameter; overall means of 305-dayMY, TMY, LP, DO and NCS were 2935Kg, 3320 Kg , 310 day, 151 day and 1.7 services, respectively, Additive heritability (ha) estimated for 305d-MY, TMY, LP DO and NSC were 0.34, 0.31, 0.29, 0.06 and 0.26,respectively. While maternal heritability (hm) were 0.03, 0.07, 0.05, 0.01 and 0.002, respectively , The environmental impact of the permanent lower corresponding values were 0.0031, 0.0027, 0.0037, 0.0062 and 0.0038, respectively.Indicating that the effect of animals' genetic performance is affected by the surrounding environmental conditions where full care through the mother leads to improvement of the studied traits.The genetic and phenotypic correlations of most of the studied traits were highly significant (p <0.001) and ranged from -0.22 to 0.46for geneticcorrelationbetween traits whilephenotypic correlation ranged from -0.11 to 0.65.Genetic trends were positive for all studied traits except for days open and NSC. Range of breeding value (BV)for all studied traits of cows (2800.8, 3297.6, 304.8, 50.7 and 0.91) respectively were higher than those of sires (1515.5, 1687.9, 152.8, 40.6 and 0.66) and dam (1123.7, 2248.5, 179.4,38.3 and 0.66) respectively. Therefore, the selection of cows for the productive traits studied on the basis of the BV of the cow is more efficient to produce a significant genetic improvement of the milk production traits in the cows by selection, as well as the attention to good care for the improvement of reproductive traits studied (DO and NCS). The impact of the genetic performance of cows on surrounding environmental conditions, such as the effect of the year ,season ofbirth and parity , has been shown to have a negative effect at some of these levels, We conclude from the study that the selection of cows on the basis of BV with increased care and good nutrition will result in the herd to show its full genetic capacity, which will increase the productivity of the herd and contribute to the future using this herd leading to increased production.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_45848_5ba6575bda66ba2d1b3c83f603937ad9.pdf
Friesian
heritability
Additive
Maternal effects
environmental effects
Epigenetics TREND (EP)