eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2016-01-01
7
1
1
13
10.21608/jappmu.2016.48254
48254
Original Article
EFFECT OF DIETARY CRUDE PROTEIN LEVEL AND STOCKING RATE OF MONOSEX ALL MALE NILE TILAPIA REARED UNDER RECIRCULATING AQUACULTURE SYSTEM
N. Abdel-Hakim
1
M. Lashin
2
A. Alazab
3
I. Radwan
4
A. Abdelhamid
5
Anim. Prod. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
Anim. Prod. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
Anim. Prod. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
Egyptian Aquaculture Centre, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.
Anim. Prod. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Cairo, Egypt.
To recognize the best dietary crude protein (CP) percentage and stocking rate (SR) of monosex Nile tilapia under recirculating aquaculture system, two CP levels (25 & 32 %) and two SR (140 & 210 / m3) were used for 168 days. The obtained results revealed that feeding fish 32 % CP-diet at SR of 140 fish / m3 resulted in the best final bodyweight, average daily gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion, survival, energy utilization, and return. Whereas, 32 % CP at 210 fish / m3 was responsible for best protein productive value, body weight (with lowest inedible parts percentage), carcass protein percent (with lowest fat %), and productivity / m3. So, it could recommend feeding Nile tilapia (under similar conditions to those of the present experiment) 32 % CP-diet and stocking rate of 140 fish / m3.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_48254_9ba42120c765e04a49382edbaac0d906.pdf
Nile tilapia
monosex
crude protein
stocking rate
Aquaculture
recirculating system
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2016-01-01
7
1
15
22
10.21608/jappmu.2016.48259
48259
Original Article
GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TURKEY POULTS AS AFFECTED BY EFEECTIVE MICROORGANISMS.
Tork Dorra
1
Z. Kalaba
2
M. Mostafa
3
Sh. Zayed
4
Poult. Prod. Dept. Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ.
Poult. Prod. Dept. Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ.
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Cent. Egypt.
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst. Agric. Res. Cent. Egypt.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with effective microorganisms (EM) on the growth performance and some blood parameters in turkey poults. A total of 180 unsexed poults of the Bronze turkeys strain at age of 2 wk was randomly divided into five groups with three replicates (12 in each). Birds in the 1st group (G1) were fed basal diet without additives (control), while those in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups were fed the same diets supplemented with EM at levels of 5, 10 and 15 ml/kg diet, respectively. Birds in the 5th group were fed the same diets supplemented with Lincomycin (2 g/kg diet). Live body weight (LBW), averages of daily gain (ADG) and feed intake (ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded at 2, 4, 8 and 12 wk of age. At the end of experimental period (12 wk of age), blood samples were taken to evaluate some hematological parameters including count of red (RBCs) and white (WBCs) blood cells as well as hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Economic feed efficiency (EFE) was calculated. Results showed beneficial effects of adding 15 ml EM (G4) or 2 g Lincomycin per kg diet on LBW of poults, being the heaviest (P≤0.05) in G4 and G5. ADG was the highest (P≤0.05) in G4 and G5 as compared to control (G1) and other groups (G2 and G3) at 4-8, 8-12 and 2-12 wk of age. ADFI was higher (P≤0.05) in all treatment groups (G2-G5) than in G1 at the interval from 2 to 4 wk of age. ADFI was the highest in G2 and the lowest in G3 at other intervals and during the whole feeding period (P≤0.05). FCR at 2-4 wk of age was better (P≤0.05) in G4 and G5 than in G1. At 4-8, 8-12 or 2-12 wk of age, FCR was higher (P≤0.05) in G3, G4 and G5 than in G1 and G2, being the best (P≤0.05) in G5 and the poorest in G1. WBCs Count was higher (P≤0.05) in G4, and lower in G3 than in G1. but did not differ in G2, G5 from that in G1. RBCs Count and Hb concentration decreased (P≤0.05) only in G5. From the economic point of view, birds in G4 showed the highest EFE relative to control group (148%).
In conclusion, using effective microorganisms (15 ml EM/kg diet) instead of antibiotics (2 g Licomycin/kg diet) as growth promoters in diet of poults during the growing period (2-12 weeks of age) had beneficial effects on growth performance, healthy status and economic feed efficiency.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_48259_c6e5b0a1ae2ecfbbfc3fa908ebe1655b.pdf
turkeys
antibiotic
Effective microorganisms
Growth
Blood
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2016-01-01
7
1
23
32
10.21608/jappmu.2016.48262
48262
Original Article
SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS, REPRODUCTIVE TRACT DEVELOPMENT, FEED EFFICIENCY AND SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS OF BALADI BULLS AND THEIR CROSSBREEDS WITH ABONDANCE AND TARENTAISE
M. Mohamed
1
A. Abd El-Hafeez
2
A. Mahgoub
3
S. Zahed
4
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
Twenty four Bovine males representing three genotypes: Pure local "Baladi" (B), 1/4 Baladi 3/4 Abondance (BA×A) and 1/4 Baladi 3/4 Tarentaise (BT×T). Eight males in each genotype were subjected to evaluate their semen characteristics, reproductive tract development, growth rate, feed efficiency, some blood parameters, thermo-regulatory parameters and body dimensions at puberty and sexual maturity. BT×T bulls showed the best feed efficiency compared with those of BA×A and B bulls. Serum total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol, T3 and testosterone in BT×T had the highest values, followed by BA×A, while B bulls had the lowest ones, either at puberty or sexual maturity. Total weight gain and daily weight gain were significantly higher in BT×T compared to BA×A and B bulls. Thermo-regulatory parameters and body dimensions were affected by the different genotypes. Crossbreeds bulls (BT×T and BA×A) reached age of puberty, sexual maturity and slaughter weight (60 days post sexual maturity) earlier than Baladi bulls. Semen characteristics among the three genotypes were highly significant (P<0.0001) especially of BT×T followed by BA×A compared to B bulls. Testes parameters of BT×T bulls had the highest values for all studied parameters, followed by BA×A, while those of B were the lowest. Sperm production per gram of testicular tissue was also significantly higher in BT×T bulls than the other two genotypes. This study indicated that the superiority of crossbreed bulls especially; BT×T in growth, reproductive performance and feed efficiency compared with pure Baladi bulls.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_48262_6fc62791ca0c958aec2b49f829af1ac5.pdf
genotypes
Semen
reproductive tract
feed efficiency
puberty and maturity
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2016-01-01
7
1
33
38
10.21608/jappmu.2016.48265
48265
Original Article
SELECTION INDEX FOR WOOL IMPROVEMENT IN BARKI SHEEP
H. El-Gabbas
elgabbas@hotmail.com
1
Salwa El-Wakil
2
Wool Production and Technology Dept.,
Animal and Poultry Breeding Dept., Desert Research Centre, El-Matareya, Cairo, Egypt
The present study was carried out to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for some subjective and objective wool traits to develop a suitable selection index for wool improvement in Barki sheep. Over 937 fleeces were obtained from three Barki sheep flocks along the north western coastal belt of Egypt together with full pedigree information for those 937 animals descended from 74 sires and 896 ewes. After the first shearing, a composite wool sample was collected to represent the entire fleece of each animal. The greasy wool samples were subjectively assessed for kemp score, KS, greasy colour grade, GCG, handle grade, HG, lustre grade, LG, bulk grade, BLG and measured for staple length, STL. After scouring, the scoured colour grade, SCG was also assessed. SAS and MTDFREML statistical programs were used to generate analysis of variance and estimating genetic and phenotypic parameters as well as constructing selection indexes.
Results indicated that Barki wool had higher than average kemp content (2.45), slightly softer handle (3.20) and lustrous (3.48) and of average compressibility (2.41) with an average staple length of 10.31cm. Barki wool appeared to be slightly less than average of whiter greasy colour (2.02) and slight improvement occurred after scouring (2.83). Flock had highly significant effect on all studied traits while sire within flock showed highly significant effect on KS, HG, LG and STL. Heritabilities were estimated for KS (0.73), GCG (0.03), HG (0.62), LG (0.47), BLG (0.13), SCG (0.09) and STL (0.58). KS had highly significant and positive genetic correlations with all studied traits, while phenotypically it was significantly associated with harsher and lustrous wool. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters were used to construct selection indices using different combinations of the studied traits for wool improvement. The maximum accuracy of selection (RTI = 1.10) was obtained using the full index incorporating all studied traits. The present study recommended the utility of selection index included GCG, LG and STL (RTI = 0.84 with relative efficiency of 76.4%) since selection based this index would be adequate for wool improvement and its application would lead to maintain low level of kemp content and reasonable level of harshness, improve greasy and scoured colour with marked increase in wool luster and staple length which could be contributed to enhance wool quantity produced.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_48265_310fc71a1a6f2e5aeb0edb3646c5b488.pdf
Barki sheep
subjective wool traits
Genetic and phenotypic parameters
selection indexes
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2016-01-01
7
1
39
45
10.21608/jappmu.2016.48267
48267
Original Article
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SOME GROWTH PERFORMANCE TRAITS AND LIFETIME PRODUCTIVITY OF BARKI EWES
Salwa El-Wakil
salwa_elwakil@yahoo.com
1
Animal and Poultry Breeding Dept., Desert Research Centre, El-Matareya, Cairo, Egypt.
The present study was conducted to characterize lifetime performance of Barki ewes, estimating some genetic and phenotypic parameters for total lifetime performance traits and investigate the possibility of improving these traits. Lifetime performance records for 1040 Barki ewes daughters of 194 sires and 729 dams were obtained from 1963 to 2010 from the sheep flock of the Desert Research Centre and used in the present study. Data was analyzed using SAS and MTDFREML programs to carry out analysis of variance and estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters for the studied traits. The current study dealt with lifespan, productive, reproductive and partial lifetime productive traits. Lifespan traits included total lifetime, TLT, productive life, PL and lifetime score. Lifetime productive traits included total number and weight of lambs born and weaned. Lifetime reproductive traits included age at first lambing, AgFL, and lambing interval, LI. Three partial life time productive traits were calculated i.e., after the first lambing, cumulative first two lambing, and cumulative three lambing.
Results showed that throughout the lifetime, Barki ewe on the average gave birth to 2.77 lambs weighing 9.74 kg at birth and able to rear 2.53 weaned lambs weighing 49.01 kg at weaning. Barki ewes showed an average TLT of 2301.63 days (i.e., 6.3 years), during which she has 2.71 lambing season. PL represented 37.8% of TLT of the ewe while AgFL, accounted for 39% of TLT. Average LI, was 344.44 days. The present study emphasized on improving reproductive efficiency of Barki ewes in this flock rather than removing non- lambing ewes. Birth year had highly significant effect on all studied traits. Heritabilities were estimated for lifetime productive traits (ranged from 0.24 to 0.31), lifespan traits (ranged from 0.07 to 0.16) and lifetime reproductive traits (ranged from 0.03 to 0.12). Highly significant and positive genetic and phenotypic correlations were obtained between lifetime productive traits and lifespan traits. The partial trait of weight of lambs weaned for the first three lambing was found to be moderately heritable and highly significant positively associated genetically and phenotypically with the total weight of lamb weaned (TWLW) which recommend the utility of this trait as an indirect selection criterion to improve the TWLW throughout the lifetime. Selection based on total weight of lambs weaned after the first lambing is likely to achieve the target at an earlier stage.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_48267_ff2a2e9012066f5180956f4ada869383.pdf
Barki sheep
Genetic and phenotypic parameters
Ewe productivity
Lifetime performance traits
eng
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
2016-01-01
7
1
47
57
10.21608/jappmu.2016.48270
48270
Original Article
IMPACT OF FEEDING SOME FORAGE SHRUBS ON MILK, BLOOD PARAMETERS OF EWES AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF THEIR OFFSPRINGS IN NORTHERN COAST.
S. EL-Saadany
1
E. EL-Gohary
emadelgohary739@yahoo.com
2
H.H Omar
3
EL. EL-wakeel
4
I. EL-sayed
5
Animal Nutrition Research Department,
Sheep and Goats Research Department,
Dairy Technology Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.
Animal Nutrition Research Department,
Animal Nutrition Research Department,
Forty mature Barki ewes at late pregnancy , 3-4 years old and 45.2±0.47 kg live body weight (LBW) divided into equal four groups were used in this work. This experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding Acacia (AC) Acacia saligna , Atriplex (AT) Atriplex halimus, Cassava (CA) Manihot esculenta. compared to berseem (Trifolium Alexandrinum) hay (BH) on yield, chemical composition and rheological properties of milk, hematological and biochemical blood parameters of ewes, and growth performance of their offspring's. Ewes were fed control diet in G1 consisted of : concentrate feed mixture, rice straw plus BH at levels of 60:10:30%, respectively. Only BH in (G1) was replaced by AC in (G2), or AT in (G3) or CA in (G4) stems and leaves planted in the salt soil. All animals were kept under the same managerial conditions.
Results showed insignificant effect of dietary treatment on LBW of ewes. Ewes fed AT in (G3) showed higher (P<0.05) milk yields than in control group (G2), while ewes fed CA (G4) showed the highest (P<0.05) milk yields, ewes fed AT (G3) did not differ than those in control group (G1). Milk fat, lactose and ash contents in milk were not affected by dietary treatment during all lactation weeks. Protein content was higher (P<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in G1 and G4 at all lactation weeks. Total solids (TS) content was lower (P<0.05) in G4 than in other groups during the 1st six weeks of lactation, being the highest (P>0.05) in G1 at the 7th lactation week. Atriplex treatment was accompanied by high level of ca and p .Calcium and phosphorus content were affected significantly (P<0.05) by dietary treatment, being significantly (P<0.05) higher in milk of ewes of G3 than in G1, G2 and G4 at all lactation weeks. The differences were significantly (P<0.05) between G2 and (G1 and G4) at all lactation weeks, although no significant different of Calcium content between G1 and G4 except in 6th an 7th week, however, no significant differences of phosphorus content between G2 and G4 although there were no significant differ-ences between them and G1 at all lactation weeks.
Slight differences were detected in acidity, pH value, density and freezing point of milk, ranging from 0.16 to -0.20%, 6.62-6.81, 30.47-36.27% and from -0.49 to -0.64%, respectively. Rennet coagulation time (RCT) values were the lowest through 6 lactation weeks in G2 (98-125 s), and the highest in G4 (143-154 s). Curd tension (CT) was the highest in G2, and the lowest in G4 at 2 and 7 lactation weeks.
Trend of Whey Syneresis values of all treatments was opposite to that of Curd Tension . The highest values was recorded with Cassava.
Red blood cells (RBCs) count did not differ in G2, G3 and G4 than that of G1. White blood cells WBC’s count, Ht,% and Hg, g/dl concentration were higher (P<0.05) in G4 than in G2 and G3. Concentration of total protein (TP), urea-N, Ca and Ca/P ratio increased (P<0.05) in G2 compared with G4, while both groups did not differ from those in G1 and G3. Concentration of creatinine, triglyceride (TG) and Total cholesterol (TCh) increased (P<0.05) in G2 and glucose increased (P<0.05) in G3 compared with G1. The effect of dietary treatment on concentration of albumin (AL), globulin (GL), AL/GL ratio and phosphorus (P) in plasma was not significant. Average LBW of lambs at birth was higher (P<0.05) in G2, G3 and G4 than in G1. The same trend was observed in LBW of males rather than that of females. LBW, total gain and average daily gain of lambs (males and females) was not affected at different ages. Cassava yielded the highest milk production without any adverse effects on live body weight of ewes or their lambs.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_48270_fc288ee4224d033c6371e8f1cb739497.pdf
sheep
halophyte plants
Milk
body weight
Blood