ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response of Weanling Rabbits to Diet Contained Citric Acid During Growing Period
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary CA as feed additive on growth performance and nutrient digestibility as well as economic efficiency of rabbits during fattening period. Sixty unsexed NZW aged 35 days were randomly distributed into equal five groups. The control group was fed on the basal diet without CA addition. The groups from 2 to 5 were fed on diets contained 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% CA, respectively at 6-11 wks. of age. Rabbits fed diet contained 1.5 and 2.0% CA had heavier (P>0.05) live body weight at 11 wks of age, and higher daily weight gain during the whole experimental period as compared with the control group. Moreover, rabbits fed diet contained 1.5% CA recorded a significant (P≤0.05) improvement in FCR than the control group at 6-11 wks. of age. Crude fiber digestibility was significantly enhanced for rabbits fed different CA diets than the control, while both DM, OM and CP digestibility coefficients were improved by feeding diets contained CA at 1.5 and 2.0% than the control without significant effects. Feeding economic efficiency revealed the best value for rabbits fed 1.5 % CA diet than other groups at 11 wks. of age. Therefore, CA at 1.5% in the diet may be an alternative feed additive to maximize productivity and profitability without adverse effects for fattening rabbits.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87112_32e5a9611e3b3b5377ae5eada0f93f77.pdf
2020-03-01
67
71
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87112
Rabbits
Citric acid
performance
nutrients utilization
Noha
Tag-El-Din
tagnoha@yahoo.com
1
Animal Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Damietta Univ., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Growth Performance and Feed Utilization during Fattening Period as Affected by Mannan-Oligo-Saccharides Addition to Californian Rabbits
This survey aimed to examine the effect of mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) addition to rabbit's diet as alternative antibiotics on growth performance and nutrients utilization of growing rabbits. A 60 of Californian rabbits aged six-wks, splinted randomly into equal five groups. The control group fed a basal diet without any supplement; the second group fed the basal diet after antibiotics supplementation (Oxytetracycline, 1.0 g/ kg diet), while the third, fourth and fifth groups were fed the basal diet after MOS addition with 0.50, 1.0 and 1.5 g /kg, respectively during the entire experimental period (6-11 wks of age).The results revealed that all rabbits fed MOS diets had higher (P>0.05) live body weight at 11 wks, while rabbits fed 0.50 g MOS/kg had (P≤0.05) higher body weight gain during 6-11 wks of age comparing to the antibiotic and control groups. Moreover, feed conversion ratio were insignificantly (P>0.05) improved by feeding MOS/kg diets than the antibiotic group at the entire experimental period (6-11 wks) . All studied nutrients digestibility's coefficients improved by feeding 1.00 g MOS / kg compared to the antibiotic and the control diet with or without significant effects. Dressed carcass percentage not significantly changed for rabbits fed MOS diet in comparison with antibiotic and control group. Therefore, the addition of 0.50 or 1.00 g MOS / kg diet may be an alternative material of antibiotics in weanling rabbits to maximize their productivity and profitability without adverse effects during fattening period.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87117_80a352f3922fbef65f993bbdd32a7e92.pdf
2020-03-01
73
77
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87117
Rabbits
Mannan oligosaccharides
Growth performance
nutrients utilization
Noha
Tag-El-Din
tagnoha@yahoo.com
1
Animal Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Damietta Univ., Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic Components for Milk Production and it is Composition Estimated by Using Sire and Animal Models in A Herd of Friesian Cows
A total number of eighty seventy four Friesian cows which, kept at Sakha and El–Karda farms, from 1996 to 2002 are used to estimate heritability (h2) , phenotypic (rp) and genetic correlations (rg) among three months and 305 day milk yield traits by using sire model (SM) and animal model (AM). The SM includes the random effects of bull and cows within bulls and main effects of herd year season, and lactation number and days open as a regression. The animal model includes the main effects of herd year season and lactation number and days open as a regression and random effects of animals, permanent and errors.Estimates of h2 of milk yield traits for sire models are moderate and between from f0.116 to 0.264 as calculated from sire components and from 0.036 to 0.068 from dam components, while the h2 for milk traits from AM ranged from 0.046 to 0.062. Genetic correlations between milk production traits are positive, high and near similar for SM and AM and between from 0.88 to 0.99. The high estimates of genetic correlation in the present study offer the possibility to select for yield traits as early ages, .i.e., at 90 days of lactation. Also, this study indicate that, using of SM is useful when a, small number of observations and little pedigree information is available.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87120_213d3a2e18b5cad0e6940b642635e040.pdf
2020-03-01
79
82
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87120
Friesian cattle
genetic parameters
variance component
H.
El-Awady
hassan.alawadi@agr.kfs.edu.eg
1
Animal Production Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University
LEAD_AUTHOR
Anas
Badr
2
Animal Production Res. Inst., Ministry of Agric., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
A.
Khattab
adelkhattab@yahoo.com
3
Animal Production Dept., Faculty of Agric., Tanta University.
AUTHOR
E.
Oudah
eoudah@uoguelph.ca
4
Animal Production Dept., Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Genetic and Phenotypic Association between Productive and Reproductive Traits in Friesian Cows In Egypt
Genetic parameters for Friesian cows were estimated from 9155 lactation records for 3625 cows sired by 182 bulls covered 34 years (1982-2015) in two herds (Sakha and El-Karada), belongs to the Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt. Multi-trait repeated animal model was employed using the REML procedure to estimate (co)variance components of productive (305-day milk yield-M305 and lactation period-LP) and reproductive traits (number of services per conception-NSC, calving to first service interval-CFS and days open-DO), There is sufficient genetic variation in productive (from 9.5 to 17.1%) and reproductive traits (from 3.9 to 10.3 %). Heritability estimates for M305 and LP traits were 0.204 and 0.110, however, reproduction traits were ranged from 0.010 to 0.044. Genetic correlation between M305 and LP was high (>0.94). Among reproductive traits, absolute genetic correlations were also high (>0.85). Genetic correlations between reproductive and productive traits were high (>0.99). The annual genetic changes were positive for M305, LP, CFS and DO (9.07 kg/yr., 0.30, 0.07 and 0.24 d/yr., respectively), however it was -0.003 number/yr for NSC. The annual phenotypic changes were positive for M305, CFS and DO (12.4 kg/yr., 0.029 and 0.829d/yr., respectively), however it were negative for LP and NSC (-0.265 d/yr. and -0.002 number /yr.).
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87123_02f0401e72fdd12f84dd0bc4acd462f0.pdf
2020-03-01
83
88
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87123
Genetic
Phenotypic trend
Reproduction
production
S.
Zahed
smza56@hotmail.com
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Nadi El-Said Str., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Anas
Badr
2
Animal Production Res. Inst., Ministry of Agric., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
A.
Khattab
adelkhattab@yahoo.com
3
Animal production Dept., Faculty of Agric., Tanta University.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Characterization of Friesian Heifer Fertility under Egyptian Conditions
Data from 3081 reproductive records of Friesian heifers covering the period from 1979 to 2013 belongs to Sakha and El-Karada experimental farms - Kafr-El-Sheikh Governorate, Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt were analyzed. A multitrait animal model was used to estimate genetic parameters, genetic and phenotypic changes for age at first breeding (AFB), age at successful breeding (ASB), age at first calving (AFC), number of services per conception (NSC) and service period (SP). Heritabilities of AFB, ASB, AFC, NSC and SP were 0.15, 0.12, 0.11, 0.02 and 0.01, respectively. Genetic correlations between AFB, ASB and AFC were high and ranged from 0.97 to 0.99, however the phenotypic correlations were ranged from 0.78 to 0.99. Genetic correlations between NSC and both AFB, ASB and AFC were -0.12 to 0.16, however the corresponding phenotypic correlations were ranged from -0.04 to 0.46. The genetic correlations between SP and both AFB, ASB and AFC were ranged from 0.58 to 0.79, however that corresponding estimates of phenotypic correlations were ranged from 0.01 to 0.56. The genetic and phenotypic correlations between NSC and SP were 0.72 and 0.94, respectively. A linear regression analysis of estimated breeding values on year of birth of heifers showed favorable genetic improvement of all fertility traits, however the reverse phenotypic trend was observed for AFB, ASB and AFC.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87126_b740aa5c37f615939769b09d9736b46e.pdf
2020-03-01
89
93
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87126
Characterization - Friesian heifer – Fertility - Genetic
Phenotypic trend
S.
Zahed
smza56@hotmail.com
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Nadi El-Said Str., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Anas
Badr
2
Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, Nadi El-Said Str., Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of Zinc Supplementation and Stocking Density on Performance, Physiological and Immune Responses in Broiler Chickens
The current research was completed to examine the impacts of dietary enrichment with zinc oxide and stocking density on performance, plasma concentration of thyroid hormones, corticosterone(cort) and immune response and antioxidant status in cobb 500 chicks. Experimental treatments were ordered in a 4× 2 factorial plan structure with 4 degrees of included dietary zinc oxide and 2 degrees of stocking density (11.90 chicks/m2, normal stocking density, or 16.66 chicks/m2, high stocking density,). Zinc levels were 0.0, 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg diet. Elevated level of zinc (80mg/kg diet) positively affected FCR while LBW, BWG and feed intake were slightly improved compared with the control one. Additionally, Blood plasma concentricity of "total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), total lipids (TL), cholesterol (Chol), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)" did differed significantly between the control and zinc-enhanced groups. Moreover, zinc oxide enhancement in the diet could improve thyroid hormones. Also, plasma Cort levels were significantly inferior at zinc-enhanced groups as contrasted with the control one. Moreover, enhancing zinc had a huge constructive outcome on SOD, MDA and immune response titers against NDV and AFV. The typical stocking density has better effects on performance and plasma levels of Cort, TP, TL, MDA and NDV to those of the high stocking density. Stocking density did not influence "T3, T4, Alb, Chol, LDL, HDL". The results of the present examination show that enhancing zinc oxide to broiler diets has a beneficial effect on productivity, blood parameters and immunity in cob 500 chicks.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87130_ccf750ec39ea4608f8932fcc1c9b7d40.pdf
2020-03-01
95
102
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87130
MDA
SOD
thyroid hormones
corticosterone
Cholesterol
zinc
stocking density
Broiler chickens
M.
EL-Gogary
melgogary@mans.edu.eg
1
Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hayam
Abo EL-Maaty
hayam151@yahoo.com
2
Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Feeding Diets Containing Treated Jatropha Seed Meal on Performance of Growing Rabbits
A study was assigned to assess the ameliorate the feeding value of jatropha seed meal by chemical or autoclave treatments and the feasibility of using in rabbit diets. Sixty weaned APRI rabbits, six weeks old with an average live body weight 707.26±4.54g were allotted randomly to five groups (twelve rabbits/treatment in 3 replicates). Five experimental diets were formulated where soybean meal protein of the basal diet (control) was replaced by chemically or autoclaved jatropha seed meal protein (CTJSM or ATJSM, respectively) of the rate of 15 or 30%. The growth trail continued lasted up to 14th week of age. There were final body weight and daily body weight gain with rabbits fed diets containing 15% CTJSM and 15% ATJSM diets close to rabbis fed control diets. The feed conversion ratio was significantly improved with 15% ATJSM and CTJSM diets compared with control. Digestion coefficients and nutritive values were insignificantly differed with tested diet contained 15% CTJSM compared to control. The control and tested groups resulted in the better dressing% compared to 30% CTJSM group. There were significantly increased in plasma ALT when replacing 15 or 30% ATJSM and 15% CTJSM, while plasma AST was significantly decreased when rabbit fed 15 % ATJSM compared to control. Economic efficiency and relative economic efficiency recorded the highest values with 15% CTJSM followed by 15% ATJSM, compared to control.Conclusively, It could be concluded soybean meal protein could be replaced by CTJSM and ATJSM protein at the level of 15%without an adverse in rabbits performance.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87133_26cca3ae150aa9baacc599e898953cf3.pdf
2020-03-01
103
107
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87133
Rabbits
Jatropha seed meal
soybean meal
Growth
Walaa
Salama
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Amal
Fayed
2
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Hanan
Hassanein
3
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Fatma
Ahmed
4
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
Abd-El- Lateif
5
Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Oxidative Stress and Trace Elements Status in Different Reproductive Stages of Shami Goat Does Fed Salt-Tolerant Plants under Semi-Arid Conditions in Egypt
Objective of this study was to explore the impact of adding El-Mufeed liquid to salt tolerant plants in an attempt to reduce the oxidative stress of these plants by detecting changes in antioxidant indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX (in Shami goats during pregnancy under South Sinai semi-arid conditions, Egypt. Two equal experimental groups (12 does each) were used. The first control group was fed wheat straw as the roughage portion of the diet, while the second group was fed salt tolerant plants mixed with El-Mufeed liquid. Blood samples were assembled from all experimental animals during dry, gestation and early lactation periods. Profile of MAD, TAC, CAT and trace elements (Cu, Se, Mn and Zn) were analyzed in plasma, while antioxidant SOD and GPX activities were measured in erythrocytes. Oxidative stress marker (MAD) was increased significantly with progress of gestation and lactation period and the vice versa was observed in TAC, CAT, SOD and GPX. It was observed that trace element and antioxidant enzymes had similar trend of changing with experimental period. Goats fed salt tolerant plants treated with El-Mufeed liquid did not differ greatly than control ones in their blood contents of antioxidant capacity (TAC) and antioxidant enzymes beside trace elements in spite of exposing to higher stress. Accordingly, it can be concluded that using El-Mufeed liquid to supply animals with trace minerals reduced oxidative effect of salt plants especially under stress of pregnancy.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87134_b65e355ac926aff6ffd0fd63cb23c739.pdf
2020-03-01
109
116
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87134
Goat does
Salt tolerant plants
Pregnancy
Oxidative Stress
trace elements
Hanan
Amer
dr_hananzaher@yahoo.com
1
1Animal and Poultry Physiology Department, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Egypt 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
LEAD_AUTHOR
G.
Donia
2
Animal health department, Animal and Poultry Production Division, Desert Research Center, Egypt.
AUTHOR
N.
Ibrahim
nagymetwally@agr.bsu.edu.eg
3
Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Utilization of Biologically Treated Watermelon Vine in Rations for Dairy Cows
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of replacement of berseem hay by watermelon vine (WMV) biologically treated with Penicillium oxalicum fungi (rations contained 0 “control ration”, 25, 50, 75 and 100 % of WMV) on digestibility parameters using fifteen adult crossbred male sheep 3 for each ration, rumen liquor parameters using three crossbred female sheep fitted with permanent rumen fistula and performance of milk production using ten lactating crossbred Friesian multiparous used in duplicated 5X5 Latin squares. The results revealed that an improvement was observed for the rations containing 25 and 50 % WMV and their results were comparable with the results of control ration for digestibility coefficients, nutritive value, TVFA's, acetic acid, C2:C3 ratio and microbial nitrogen synthesized, also were significantly higher than that the rations containing 75 and 100 % WMV. Dry Matter intake, milk yield and composition indicated that cows fed control and R2 (25% treated WMV and 75% berseem hay) recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest yield of actual milk, 4% FCM and milk contents followed by cows fed R3 (50% treated WMV and 50% berseem hay). While, there were no significant differences among the experimental rations in feed intake. Cows fed R2 and R1 (control) showed the highest economic efficiencies followed by R3, while those fed the R4 (75% treated WMV and 25% berseem hay) and R5 (100%treated WMV and 0% berseem hay) rations had the lowest values.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87135_f6622d5e781c0d9f9a2257c78c809883.pdf
2020-03-01
117
123
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87135
ruminants
dairy cows
watermelon vine
berseem hay and biological treatment
S.
Soliman
solimanmsm@yahoo.com
1
Regional Center for Food & Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. 9 El-Gamaa St., Giza, Egypt, Box 588 Orman.
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
El-Morsy
2
Regional Center for Food & Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. 9 El-Gamaa St., Giza, Egypt, Box 588 Orman.
AUTHOR
A.
El-Shinnawy
3
Regional Center for Food & Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. 9 El-Gamaa St., Giza, Egypt, Box 588 Orman.
AUTHOR
G.
El-Ashry
4
Regional Center for Food & Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. 9 El-Gamaa St., Giza, Egypt, Box 588 Orman.
AUTHOR
M.
Osman
5
Regional Center for Food & Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, Egypt. 9 El-Gamaa St., Giza, Egypt, Box 588 Orman.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Orally Chlorella vulgaris Algae Additive on Productive and Reproductive Performance of Lactating Friesian Cows
Fifteen multiparous Friesian cows with average live body weight (LBW) of 500±4.35 kg and 2-4 lactations were used after parturition and continues until 120 days of lactation and divided into three similar groups. Cows were fed a basal ration contained (DM basis) 40% concentrate feed mixture , 35% corn silage and 25% rice straw without any supplement in R1 (control) or orally supplemented with Chlorella algae and their media at the levels of 2 ml or 4 ml per kg LBW to instead of 1 and 2 liter/head/day for R2 and R3, respectively. Results showed that nutrients digestibility and feeding values improved significantly (P<0.05) with increasing the level of supplementation. Addition of C. vulgaris increased (P< 0.05) feed intake, the concentrations of total protein and globulin, AST to ALT ratio in serum, actual milk, 4% fat corrected milk yield, milk contents, also TVFA’s compared with the control. However, the concentration of NH3-N and Live enzymes activity decreased. Whereas, ruminal pH value and serum albumin and creatinine concentrations were nearly similar for the different groups. Chlorella supplementation had a significant improvements in feed conversion, economic efficiency and post-partum reproductive traits compared to control group. In conclusion, cows supplemented with Chlorella and their media at the level of 4 ml/kg LBW showed the best results concerning productive and reproductive traits and economic efficiency.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_87136_d1acd1930196c2e37261aab17ee6bdce.pdf
2020-03-01
125
131
10.21608/jappmu.2020.87136
Chlorella algae
productive and reproductive performance and economic efficiency
A.
Shams
dr.ahmedshams2014@yahoo.com
1
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Elsadany
2
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
R.
Abou-Aiana
3
Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR