ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
IN VITRO MATURATION AND FERTILIZATION OF CRYOPRESERVED OOCYTES OF EGYPTIAN BUFFALOES.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation by conventional straws on viability and normality, in vitro maturation and fertilization and blastocyst production rate of cryopreserved immature buffalo oocytes. Oocytes were recovered from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes, cryopreserved in tissue culture medium and thawed. Thereafter, oocytes were in vitro matured, fertilized and cultured. The obtained results indicated that viability rate (89.2 vs. 92.7%) and normality percentage (67.7 vs. 80.3%) was lower (P<0.05) for the cryopreserved than fresh oocytes. Percentage of oocytes at stage (in vitro maturation rate) was lower (P<0.05) for cryopreserved than fresh oocytes (40.8 vs. 61.7%). Fertilization rate was lower (P<0.05) for cryopreserved than fresh oocytes (38.5 vs. 75.3%). Blastocyst rate relative to total oocytes was lower (P<0.05) for cryopreserved than fresh oocytes (5.2 vs. 23.6%). This study indicated the possibility of cryopreserved immature buffalo oocytes collected from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes to in vitro mature, fertilize and develop to embryos at blastocyst stage, but at a little extend of that in fresh case.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_52723_19e71bc5958329390f7b34dec6f1ee79.pdf
2015-01-01
1
9
10.21608/jappmu.2016.52723
buffaloes
immature oocyte
cryopreservation
in vitro maturation
fertilization
A.
Abdel-Khalek
1
Anim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
Hammad
2
Anim Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Tanta University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
El-Hais
3
Anim Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Tanta University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Sh.
Shamiah
4
Anim. Prod. Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
Gabr
5
Anim Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Tanta University, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF NUMBER AND SPERM CONCENTRATION OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATIONS ON THE REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF GnRH-PGF2α-GnRH TREATED CROSS-BREED EWES IN THE BREEDING SEASON.
The objectives of this study was to evaluate the effects of GnRH- PGF2α–GnRH protocols (on 0, 5 and 7 d, respectively) and artificial insemination (AI) within 24-28 h post the 2nd GnRH injection, on reproductive performance of crossbred ewes, in reference with comparing the same AI dose once versus twice or once AI with low versus high concentration. Total of 40 ewes 1/2 Finnish Landrance x 1/2 Rahmani (F x R) and 1/2 Finnish Landrance x 1/2 Ossimi ewes (F x O) during January breeding season 2012 were used in this study. Animals were divided into four experimental groups (10 in each, 5 from each crossbred). In the 1st group, ewes were exposed to fertile ram without treatment (G1, control). Ewes in treatment groups were i.m. injected (d 0) with 1 ml GnRH analogue (Receptal), followed 5 d later by i.m. injection with 0.7 ml PGF2α (Estrumate). A second dose of 1 ml GnRH was given on d 7 and AI was carried out after the 2nd GnRH injection based on the experimental design. Ewes in the treatment groups received the same hormonal protocol, but differed in sperm concentration of AI dose, being about 300 x 106 /ml/once after 24 h from the 2nd GnRH injection (G2), 300 x 106/ml/twice after 20 and 28 h from the 2nd GnRH injection (G3) and 400 x 106/ml/once after 24 h from the 2nd GnRH injection (G4). Results revealed that estrus rate was the highest (70%) in G2, moderate in G3 (60%) and the lowest in G4 (50%) (P<0.05), being higher (P<0.05) in F x O than in F x R within each group. No pronounced differences were detected among groups or crosses in the time of incidence and duration of estrus. Lambing rate based on treated ewes decreased (P≥0.05) by increasing number of AI (once vs. twice) from 50% in G2 to 40% in G3, however, it decreased (P<0.05) from 40 to 20% by increasing AI dose from 300 to 400 x 106 sperm/ml/once AI in G3 and G4, respectively. Lambing rate based on estral ewes increased (P<0.05) by increasing AI number (50 vs. 66.7%) in G2 and G3, respectively; while it decreased (P≥0.05) from 50 to 40% by increasing AI dose in G3 and G4, respectively. There was higher lambing rate of F x R than that of F x O in G2 and G4 and G1. All treatments shortened lambing period as compared to the control group, ranging between 1-5 d in treatment groups and averaged 33 d in the control one. Lambs were numerous in G2 as compared to G1 (7 vs. 6 lambs). Litter size was higher (P<0.05) in G2 than in G1 and lower in G3 (1.25) than in G4 (1.50, P<0.05). Litter size was higher (P<0.05) in F x R than in F x O. Ovarian activity was higher in G2 and G3 than in G4 as well as in F x R than in F x O ewes. On day of 1st GnRH injection, P4 concentration was elevated in all groups, increased post-1st GnRH injection, decreased post- PGF2α injection and at AI and showed marked increase 5 days post-AI. Loss cases was higher (P<0.05) in G3 than in G4 (37.5 vs. 25%), moderate in G2 (30%). Overall rate of loss was 31.8% in all treatment groups.
In conclusion, using GnRH- PGF2α–GnRH protocols (on 0, 5 and 7 d, respectively) and AI 24 h post the 2nd GnRH injection during breeding season give high sufficient of estrous synchronization and lambing as well as the lowest reproductive losses , in particular for F x R ewes.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_52724_8a63d5c268e247a597ca1f6428c80dd4.pdf
2015-01-01
11
26
10.21608/jappmu.2016.52724
ewe
GnRH
fertility
progesterone
embryonic loss
M.
El-Harairy
1
Depart. Anim. Prod., Fac. Agric., Mansoura Univ.
AUTHOR
M.
Gabr
2
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Egypt.
AUTHOR
Omnia
Abd El-Salam
3
Anim. Prod. Res. Inst., Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
EFFECT OF BETAINE SUPPLEMENTATION TO METHIONINE ADEQUATE DIET ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS, SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF BROILERS
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of supplementing betaine to broiler diets containing adequate concentration of methionine on growth performance, carcass traits and some blood parameters, as well as economic efficiency. Two hundred and sixty day-old Ross broiler chicks were allotted into five equal treatments of four equal replications. Five experimental isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets with graded levels of betaine (0.0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 g/kg diet) were formulated and fed to chicks from 1 to 39 days of age.
During the entire experimental period, dietary betaine supplementation had positive effects on mortality rate, economic efficiency and growth performance (weight gain, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, efficiency of energy utilization and performance index) of broiler chicks but feed intake was not affected. Broilers fed the betaine-supplemented diets exhibited significantly higher percentages of carcass yield, total edible parts, breast yield and breast meat while those of heart and abdominal fat were decreased but relative weights of giblets, liver and gizzard were not affected compared with their control counterparts. Feeding the betaine-supplemented diets also produced a positive effect on liver and breast meat composition (increased crude protein and decreased ether extract contents of both) compared with the control group. Dietary supplementation with betaine led to significant increases in serum concentrations of total protein, globulin, triglycerides and total cholesterol but levels of glucose and albumin were not affected. Taking the economic aspect into account, it is concluded that supplemental betaine can be used to improve growth performance and carcass quality of broilers fed methionine adequate diets. Based on the present results, a supplemental dietary betaine level of 1.0 g/kg diet is suggested to be enough to exert such beneficial effects.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_52726_368247f11a50d50899d25aae85dbc2da.pdf
2015-01-01
27
41
10.21608/jappmu.2016.52726
A.
El-Shinnawy
1
Regional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Cairo-Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
USING STRAWBERRY (Fragaria ananas) VINE HAY IN RATIONS OF GROWING LAMBS.
This study was conducted at Sids Experiment Station, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, to evaluate the effect of inclusion strawberry vine (SBV) as an untraditional ingredient in lambs ration on their growth performance. Twelve lambs averaged 170.94 Kg live body weight were divided into three similar groups according to their body weights (4 lambs in each) and were used in a comparative feeding trial. Control ration (D1) was formulated from 70% concentrate feed mixture (CFM) plus 30% rice straw (RS) on dry matter basis in order to cover 100% of NRC feeding standard. Tested rations (D2 and D3) were formulated so that 25 or 50% of the total CP of the control ration were supplied from strawberry vines hay, respectively. Digestion trials were conducted to determine the digestibility and feeding values of the experimental rations. Growth performance parameters were evaluated and samples of rumen liquor and blood were analyzed as well.
Results showed that concentration CP and NFE of strawberry vine hay were higher, while CF and ash were lower than those rice straw, while NFE of strawberry vine hay was similar to that of CFM. The OM digestibility of D2 was significantly higher than that of D1 (control) or D3. The digestibility coefficients of CP, EE and NFE of D2 were significantly higher than those of D1 and insignificantly higher than those of D3. Value of CF digestibility of D2 was significantly higher than that of D1 or D3. The TDN of D2 was significantly higher than that of D1 and D3, and the value of DCP of D2 was significantly higher than that of D1 and insignificantly than D3. Rumen pH value of lambs fed D3 was significantly higher than those of D1 and D2 at 3 and 6 hrs post feeding, while the differences between D1 and D2 were not significant. Ruminal ammonia-N and total VFA concentrations were not affected by dietary treatments. No significant differences were found among treatments in most measured blood serum constituents. Daily gain of D2 was significantly higher than that of D1 and D3, and D1 was significantly higher than D3. Feed conversion (DMI/gain) of D2 was significantly better than that of D3 and insignificantly better than that of D1. Total cost of D2 and D3 were significantly lower than D1 and the economical efficiency of D2 was higher than that of D1 and D3.
It could be concluded that 25% of CP of lambs ration consisting of concentrate feed mixture and rice straw could be replaced by strawberry vines hay protein, since it increases daily gain and improves the economical efficiency.
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_52728_7cce75fbddb07ed7431903b8c8d8a99d.pdf
2015-01-01
43
53
10.21608/jappmu.2016.52728
Strawberry vines
lambs
Growth
feed utilization
rumen and blood parameters
H.
Galal
1
Utilization of By-products Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
El-Menniawy
2
Utilization of By-products Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
M.
Abo El–Fadel
3
Utilization of By-products Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
A.
Khir
4
Utilization of By-products Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR
Abdel–Azeam
Abdel–Azeam
5
Sheep and Goats Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.
AUTHOR