Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
3
8
2012
08
01
STOCKING DENSITY EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF LAYING JAPANESE QUAIL
379
398
EN
A.
A.
El- Shafei
Animal Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
A.
F.
Abdel – Azeem
Animal Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Al-Azhar Univ., Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
E.
A.
Abdullaha
Animal Production Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center Ministry of Agric, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/jappmu.2012.82943
The current study was conducted to examine the effects of different cage stocking densities and sex on performance and physiological changes of laying Japanese quail reared under hot climate region for a period of 11 weeks (10to 21weeks of age). A total number of 600 Japanese quails (400 females and 200 males) at 10weeks old were randomly distributed in a randomized block design with 4 treatments (71, 59, 50 and 43 quail per cage) or (140, 170, 200 and 233 cm<sup>2</sup>/ bird) respectively. Each treatment group was represented by 3 replicates. During the experimental period all birds received 16 hrs of light and 8 hrs of dark. Results indicated that quails kept at low stocking density (233cm<sup>2</sup>/ bird) recorded significantly (P≤ 0.05) higher live body weight, egg production, egg mass, feed intake, protein and energy intakes compared with quails kept at other stocking densities. Further, egg weight was not significantly affected by the experimental treatments. However, feed conversion ratio and mortality rate were progressively reduced (P≤ 0.05) with decreasing stocking density. There were significant reductions in plasma total protein fractions by lowering stocking density. Whereas, a significant increase in total lipids, cholesterol, ALT, plasma total calcium and phosphorous with increasing stocking density. While, insignificant differences were observed for HDL, LDL and AST. The results clearly indicated that decreasing stocking density was significantly (P≤ 0.05) decreased corticosterone level. While, IGg increased significantly (P≤ 0.05) due to decreasing stocking density, thus leading to increased susceptibility to resistance of infections. Other physiological traits (i.e., respiration rate, cloacal temperature, skin temperature and heart pulse rate) recorded higher values for quails kept at high stocking density (140cm<sup>2</sup>/ bird) compared with those stocked at low stocking densities. On the other hands, sex had no effect on these traits. Traits of egg quality showed insignificant differences for the most, except for yolk index, shell thickness, yolk color and eggs with blood or meat spots. Also, insignificant differences were observed for all carcass characteristics except for live body weight, blood weight and carcass weight percentages. In conclusion based on the obtained results it could be concluded that egg production percentage, egg mass and immunological response improved as the cage space per quail increased. Therefore, it can be recommended that in order to minimize physiological stress in the cages of laying Japanese quail should raised at a density of 233 cm<sup>2</sup>/bird to exhibited superior performance and lowering mortality rate.
(Japanese quails,stocking density,blood constituents and immunological response)
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_82943.html
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_82943_b9ac5abb6c379e2bbf6f20ecaeb189e7.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
3
8
2012
08
01
EFFECT OF METHERGIN AND OXYTOCIN AS ECBOLIC AGENTS ON UTERINE INVOLUTION AND FERTILITY OF EGYPTIAN BUFFALO COWS
399
413
EN
A.
E.
Abdel-Khalek
0000-0002-7839-2353
Anim. Prod. Dept. Fac. Agric., Mansoura University
abdelkhalk2004@yahoo.com
S.
A.
Darwish
Anim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Egypt.
T.
Y.
El-Shahawy
Anim. Prod. Dept. Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.
10.21608/jappmu.2012.82944
This study was carried out at Mehallet Mousa Experimental Stations, belonging to Animal Production Research Institute to evaluate the effects of methergin or oxytocin administration at 0 or 24 hours after calving on uterine involution and the pregnancy rate of buffalo cows. About 20 multiparous Egyptian buffalo cows with normal parturition having (400-650 kg) live body weight, (2-7) parities and (2.5-3.5) body condition score were used in this study. Animals were divided into five groups (n=4/each). Animals in the 1<sup>st</sup> group were i.m. injected with saline solution at calving and 24 h post-calving (control). Each animal in the 2<sup>nd</sup> and 3<sup>rd</sup> groups (G2 and G3) received an i.m. injection of 3 mg methergin (MET) at 0 and 24 h post-calving, respectively. While, each animal in the 4<sup>th</sup> and 5<sup>th</sup> groups received an i.m. injection of 100 IU oxytocin (OXY) at 0 and 24 h post-calving, respectively. Throughout post-partum period, all buffaloes were hand milked twice daily. Routine examination of the genitalia per rectum was conducted twice weekly to judge the uterine involution manually by fingers. Ultrasonography was used immediately after rectal palpation to determine gravid and non-gravid uterine horns and cervical diameter. Uterine involution was considered complete when both horns were nearly symmetrical. Pregnancy was diagnosed by rectal palpation on day 45 post-insemination and conception rate was recorded. Results revealed that the duration of symmetric horns was shorter (P<0.05) for MET at 0 or 24 h post-calving than that in the controls. The same duration tended to reduce in OXY at 0 or 24 h post-calving as compared to the controls, but the differences were not significant. The duration of cervical closure was insignificantly lower in treatment groups, being the shortest in MET at 0 h. The significant reduction in gravid horn diameter stopped on day 17, 17, 24 and 24 of post-partum period in MET 24 h, MET 0 h, OXY 0 h and OXY 24 h versus on day 27 of post-partum in the control ones. The significant reduction in non-gravid horn diameter stopped earlier in MET 0 h (day 7) than in other treated and control groups (day 14). The significant reduction in cervical diameter stopped earlier in MET 0 h (day 14) than in other treatments and control (day 17). Animals treated with OXY at 0 h showed the best results regard to conception rate, number of services per conception and days open.
In conclusion, it was found that the oxytocin treatment at 0 h of calving performed on buffalo cows with the purpose of stimulating involution had pronounced effect on the duration of days open, number of services per conception and conception rate, without marked effects on the shrinkage of the uterine horns diameter and closure of the cervix during post-partum period compared with that seen in the control.
Buffalo cows,uterine involution,Methergin,oxytocin,Reproduction
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_82944.html
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_82944_0176933957d38550f01cb6220c06a5d8.pdf
Mansoura University, Faculty of Agriculture
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3723
3
8
2012
08
01
EFFECT OF CHROMIUM METHIONINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK PRODUCTION, COMPOSITION AND SOME BLOOD METABOLITES OF LACTATING BUFFALOES
415
421
EN
A.
A.
Baiomy
Animal Production Dept., Fac. Agric., South Valley Univ., Qena, Egypt
10.21608/jappmu.2012.82946
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of chromium supplementation on performance and blood serum biochemistry of lactating buffaloes. Therefore, thirty lactating buffaloes (aged 3-6 years, average body weight 567± 22.78 kg) were equally divided into two groups. Group one (G1), control, which received no chromium supplementation and group two, treated group (G2), received 5mg/day chromium methionine from 6 wk to 18 wk postpartum. Milk production and milk composition were evaluated by weekly. Serum biochemistry concentrations (serum glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, cortisol and insulin concentration) were estimated on the 42<sup>th</sup>, 72<sup>th</sup>, 102<sup>th</sup> and 132<sup>th</sup>day. The obtained results indicated that milk production was significantly affected by chromium methionine supplementation during the entire period (P<0.05) but no significant effect on milk composition. Supplemental chromium had no significant effect on serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and insulin concentration. However, chromium supplementation tended to increase significantly serum total protein level and decrease cortisol level(P<0.05). The results of this study showed that dietary chromium methionine supplementation increased milk yield and total protein concentration in the blood.
Buffalo,chromium methionine,milk yield,Serum Biochemistry
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_82946.html
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_82946_dbd0c7fcd2f63208cd1ebb026486b592.pdf