2024-03-28T12:48:51Z
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=10370
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3642
2014
5
8
EFFECT OF SELECTION FOR BODY WEIGHT ON BODY MEASUREMENTS AND CARCASS TRAITS IN EL-SALAM STRAIN OF CHICKEN IN EGYPT
Ragaa
Abd El-Karim
A.
Ashour
This work was carried out at Sakha, Poultry Production Research Station, Animal Production Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, during three successive generations to study the effect of the individual selection for high body weight at marketing age (12 weeks) on body measurements (shank length, keel length and body circumference), carcass traits (dressing, breast meat, thigh meat percentage, giblets, and offal percentages of live body weight) in El-Salam strain of chicken. Also, estimates of the genetic parameter for these studied traits. A total number of 789 pedigreed birds obtained from 697 dames mated by 92 sires through three successive generations. The chicks in each generation divided into two lines, first is the selected line and second is the control line. The pullets were transferred to individual laying cages until the end of production phase. Artificial insemination was used during the production season by eight females to each male. In base and later generation, checks were selected according to body weight as equal or greater than average of the flock at 12 weeks of age. Number of 36 checks (18 males and 18 females; 6 from each generation) from selected line and 18 checks (9 males and 9 females; 3 from each generation) from the control one at 12 weeks of age were slaughtered to measure the previous carcass traits.
Results showed that body weight at 12 weeks of age, increased (p˂0.05) by generations in selected line more than the control line. Also, there were significant differences between generations, lines and sex in body weight and body measurements such as shank length, keel length and body circumference. Selected and unselected males were better than females within and between lines for the most of the studied traits. Chicken males had higher body weight than females in all generations. There were significant differences between generations, lines and sex in carcass traits [dressing, breast meat, thigh meat, giblets (gizzard, heart, and liver) and offal (blood, head, wings, shanks, feather, and viscera) percentages]. Heritability estimates for body weight, shank length, keel length and body circumference at 12 weeks of age were 0.55, 0.44, 0.51 and 0.48, respectively. Heritability estimates for dressing, breast meat, thigh meat, giblets, and offal percentages were 0.48, 0.47, 0.45, 0.52 and 0.47, respectively. All genetic correlations among body weight, body measurements, and carcass traits were positive, ranging from 0.11 to 0.91. All phenotypic correlations between different studied traits were positive ranging between 0.29 and 0.43. It could be concluded that the selection should be carried out to improve body weight, body measurements and carcass traits at marketing age (12 week) in El-Salam strain of chicken in Egypt.
chickens
local strain
selection
body weight
body measurements
carcass traits
2014
08
01
459
471
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_70609_19eb0d6a9dcb5acc670c94ee976be27c.pdf
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3642
2014
5
8
IMPACT OF INSULIN CONCENTRATION ON In vitro MATURATION OF RABBIT OOCYTES.
M.
El - Harairy
Sh.
Shamiah
M.
El - Arian
Hoda
yassen
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding insulin hormone at different levels (0, 5, 10 and 15 µg/ml) to maturation medium with or without exogenous hormones (FSH, LH and E17β) on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of rabbit oocytes. Total of 20 New Zealand White (NZW) rabbit does (5.5-6 mo of age and 2.5 - 3 kg LBW) were used as oocyte donors. Oocytes were recovered from ovaries of slaughtered does using slicing technique. All oocytes with evenly granulated dark ooplasmwere matured in TCM-199 supplemented with 6% bovine serum albumin. Eight types of TCM-199, four types without and other four with exogenous hormones supplemented with insulin (0, 5, 10 and 15 µg /ml) were used. Oocytes were fixed and stained for examinationafter 18 h at 38.5°C, 5% CO2 and high humidity as a maturation period. Results showed significant (P<0.05) effect of insulin supplementation on IVM of rabbit oocyte only in terms of oocytes reaching MI, TI+MII and degenerated ones. Percentage of mature oocytes reaching MII was improved by all insulin levels as compared to un-supplemented media (42.1-44.6 vs. 34.1%), but the differences were not significant. Percentage of oocytes reaching both TI+MII increased (P<0.05) with insulin supplementation at a level of 5 µg/ml showing the best (P<0.05) improvement on oocyte maturation (51.0%) as compared to other insulin levels (45.5-47.6%) or the control medium (39.5%). Nuclear maturation of rabbit oocytes was not affected significantly when FSH, LH and E2 were deleted from the maturation medium, but Percentage of oocytes reaching both T1+MII stages was enhanced in the presence of hormones during the maturation period regardless of whether oocytes were treated with insulin or not. Maturation rate in term of oocytes reaching T1+MII was affected significantly (P<0.05) by the interaction between insulin and hormonal addition, reflecting improved percentage of oocytes reaching both T1+MII stages by addition of all insulin levels to hormone-TCM-199 medium. In this respect, insulin addition at a level of 5µg/ml showed the best result (58.7%).
In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the supplementation of the maturation medium with insulin improves the in vitro maturation rate of rabbit oocytes when oocytes are maturated in a defined maturation medium with or without hormones (FSH, LH and E2).
Rabbit
oocyte
Insulin
gonadotropin
in vitro maturation
2014
08
01
473
482
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_70612_cfe0cda1d711257105ede0830b9d1af2.pdf
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3642
2014
5
8
EFFECTS OF PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF DIETARY SOYBEAN MEAL BY AUTOCLAVED GUAR MEAL WITH OR WITHOUT SUPPLEMENTATION OF Β - MANNANASE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis Niloticus)
M.
El-Sherbiny
M.
Amal
A.
Gomaa
A growth trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing 5 or 15% of soybean meal with raw Guar meal, autoclaved Guar meal or autoclaved Guar meal supplemented the diet with β-mannanase (0.04%) on both growth performance and histological status of Nile tilapia fingerlings. Seven iso-nitrogenous (~32% crude protein) and iso-energetic (~3450 Kcal estimated digestible energy) were formulated. Each diet was randomly allocated to duplicate groups of fish in fiberglass tanks and each tank was stocked with 25 fingerlings (initial average body weight 1.98 ± 0.47g). Fish were hand fed the experimental diets four times per day for 60 days. For histopathological examination samples of small intestine were taken from fish in different groups. There was significant reduction in growth performance when fish fed diets containing raw Guar meal comparing to those fed the control diet (free of Guar meal). Irrespective of treatment, there were no significant differences in term of growth performance between groups of fish fed diets containing Guar meal with either 5% or 15% inclusion level except in term of weight gain.
Irrespective of inclusion levels, better performance of fish were observed when fish fed on control diet (diet 1) or diets supplemented with β-mannanase and contained autoclaved Guar meal followed by those fed autoclaved Guar meal without enzyme supplementation, while the worst performance was observed by groups of fish fed diets containing raw Guar meal.
Histopathological study showed that feeding fish diet contained 15% raw Guar meal caused necrosis of the lining mucosa of the small intestine accompanied with infiltration of the inflammatory cells, this status was improved when fish fed diets contained autoclaved Guar meal and more improvement (increase in the number of goblet cells) in intestinal status was observed in group of fish fed diet supplemented with 0.04% β-mannanase and contained 15% autoclaved Guar meal.
Through an economic standing point although, the relative economical efficiency for using Guar meal supplemented with enzyme is compatible with control diet containing soy bean meal, yet in term of net revenue (LE) it is clear that the diet free of Guar meal is still better to be used than any of the diets containing Guar meal.
However, at the same time and through the results of this study, supplementing tilapia diets contained autoclaved Guar meal up to 15% with β-mannanase may be considered as a reliable dietary protein source.
soybean meal
Guar meal
autoclaved
β-mannanase
Nile tilapia
2014
08
01
483
497
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_70614_a6cc46f827739c643fa52aaaabaeed50.pdf
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3642
2014
5
8
EFFECTS ON PATHOLOGICAL AND TOXICOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF NILE TILAPIA Oreochromis niloticus OF USING MALATHION TO ERADICATE Lethocerus niloticum INSECTS
Amal
Ahmed
A.
Gomaa
Male tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus)and water bugs (Lethocerus niloticum) were studied in a presence of malathion (diethyldimethoxy thiophosphoryl thiosuccinate) of commercial grade 57%. Fish were fed during the experimental period once daily on a commercial dry pellet ration, while water bugs were fed on fish offales. They all were acclimatized to the same laboratory conditions for 2 weeks before the beginning of the experiment. Different malathion concentrations were experimented. The present study revealed that the minimum malathion concentration level that induced mortality of water bugs without any lethality on Oreochromis niloticus fish was 0.26 mg/L for 96 hrs exposure period. However, some toxic effects and histopathological alterations were observed at that condition. Gonadosomatic index, serum Testosterone, T3and T4concentration levels were determined. Brain AChE and LDH activities were also analyzed. Fish liver, spleen, gills, testes, brain and thyroid gland samples were histopathological studied.
tilapia
water bugs
malathion
Histopathological
2014
08
01
499
516
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_70616_529aaaee1b2c6a8decc6ad391d774d04.pdf
Journal of Animal and Poultry Production
2090-3642
2090-3642
2014
5
8
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR BODY MEASUREMENTS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH BODY WEIGHT IN BARKI LAMBS
S.
Gad
The aim of the present study was to investigate the importance of direct and maternal effects on the body measurements and live weight of Barki lambs. Data of 214 lambs progenies from 36 sires and 98 dams recorded of Barki of Sheep flock in Maryout Research Station at DesertResearchCenter was used to estimate the genetic parameters of body measurements and yearling live weight in Barki lambs. The used traits in present study were: body length (BL), height at withers (HW), heart girth (HG) and yearling weight (YW). The estimations were done by using DFREML software. Direct heritability by single trait analysis was estimated 0.10, for BL, 0.18, for HW, 0.10, for HG, and 0.10, for YW. The effect of permanent environmental due to dam was estimated 0.05, 0.02, 0.06 and 0.04 for BL, HW, HG and YW, respectively. Using bivariate analysis, additive genetic correlations were estimated 0.75, 0.76 and 0.93 between YW and each of BL, HW and HG, respectively. High and positive genetic and phenotypic correlations indicate that an improvement in body measurements both at the genetic and phenotypic level is expected through selection on body weight and vice versa.
Barki lambs
direct heritability
permanent environmental and genetic correlation
2014
08
01
517
523
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_70617_8a59a6187fec67ecd33f3a1910620b31.pdf