Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364212320210301Isolation and Pathotyping of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) from Field Outbreaks among Chickens in Egypt959915359710.21608/jappmu.2021.153597ENHebat-Allah H.GaberDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shubra, 11241 Cairo, EgyptK. A. El-DougdougDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shubra, 11241 Cairo, EgyptSamar S.El-MasryDepartment of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, P.O. Box 68, Hadayek Shubra, 11241 Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20210304Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a main health problem causing considerable economic losses in poultry flocks in Egypt. Throughout 2018-2019, bursae samples were assembled from different chicken's farms localized in four Egyptian governorates (Giza, Bani-Suif, Fayoum and Qalubia). The samples collected from farms recorded history of Infectious Bursal Disease<strong> (</strong>IBD) signs such as: sudden mortalities; depression; diarrhea; and hemorrhages on bursal tissues, leg and breast muscles. For virus isolation, the collected samples were cultivated in Specific Pathogen Free Embryonated Chickens Eggs (SPF–ECEs) via Chorio-Allantoic-Membrane (CAM).To confirm obtained data of virus isolation, both Agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) and the Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) were applied. In AGPT results, the four IBDV isolates gave positive reaction by reference IBDV antisera. RT-PCR was done for amplification of VP2 gene of IBDV isolates. The four viral isolates introduced specific band at size of 620 bp. Pathogenicity test for isolates of IBDV represented that the IBDV isolate no. 1, 2, 4 belong to classical virulent IBDV (cvIBDV) serotype, while IBDV isolate no. 3 belong to very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) serotype that caused high mortality rates than cvIBDV isolates. The presented results emphasize the determined screened of the IBD field state, as well as apply of supplementary studies to found successful policies to obstruct the viral infection in chicken flocks in Egypt.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_153597_0fc32d00d048d72969edb3c575f83a6f.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364212320210301Physiological Responses of Baladi Goats undergoing Water Deprivation during Summer Condition10110915329910.21608/jappmu.2021.153299ENA. I. SemaidaDepartment of Animal Production (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum UniversityMasouda A.Abd El-GhanyDepartment of Animal Production (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum UniversityJournal Article20210303This study was assigned to evaluate the effect of water deprivation on physiological responses, liver and kidney functions, hematological parameters, serum metabolites, electrolytes and hormonal profiles of Baladi goats during summer months. A total of 12 healthy, non-pregnant and non-lactating does (1.5-2 years old) were divided into 2 groups (average body weight of 23.35±1.16 and 23.15±1.13 kg for control and the treated group (exposed to water deprivation cycles 24h, 48h and 72h /week for 3 months. Temperature-humidity index (THI) was determined. Rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) were measured. Haematological parameters, serum hormones, metabolites and electrolytes were assayed. Results showed that RT was higher (P≤0.05) in deprived does for 48h and 72h, but 24h did not affect RT compared with control. RR reduced insignificantly, but BW decreased (P≤0.05) in deprived does. Water deprivation had no effect (P>0.05) on haematological parameters, liver and kidney functions (ALT, AST, urea, creatinine). Each of total proteins, globulin, cholesterol and triglycerides increased (P≤0.05), while albumin insignificantly increased in deprived does. Serum glucose had reduced (P≤0.05) as water deprivation progressed. Serum electrolytes differed (P≤0.05), except for Cl<sup>- </sup>. Content of Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> increased, while K<sup>+ </sup>decreased in deprived does (P≤0.05). Serum Aldosterone and IgG levels increased (P<0.05) in deprived does, however, no significant effect on thyroid hormones. It is concluded that Baladi goats could be adapted for unsuitable conditions of water insufficiency or drought without having harmful effects.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_153299_77faafd1bfc2a9dc3f55a599ed385609.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364212320210301Impact of Water Deprivation on Serum Hormonal and Biochemical Profile, and Haematology in Ossimi Ewes11111815329810.21608/jappmu.2021.153298ENA. I. SemaidaDepartment of Animal Production (Animal Physiology), Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum UniversityJournal Article20210303This work was conducted to evaluate the impact of water deprivation on physiological responses, serum hormones, metabolites, electrolytes, haematology and thermoregulatory parameters of Ossimi ewes during summer months. Total of 12 healthy, non-pregnant and non-lactating Ossimi ewes (2-2.5 years of age and average BW of 43.44 ±1.14 kg) were divided into 2 groups, control and ewes exposed to water deprivation cycles 24h, 48h and 72h /week for 3 months. Temperature-humidity index (THI) was calculated. Thermoregulatory response, rectal temperature (RT) and respiration rate (RR) were determined. Serum hormones [aldosterone, thyroid hormones (T3&T4), estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P4)], IgG, total proteins (TP), albumin (Alb), globulin (Glb), triglycerides (TG), cholesterol (Chol), glucose (Glu), creatinine (Creat), urea, Na+, Cl<sup>-</sup>, K+, and liver enzymes (ALT, AST) were assayed. Haematological parameters (CBC) in blood were measured. Results showed that RR and RT were higher (P≤0.05) in deprived ewes after 24h, while their values of 48h and 72h were the same as compared to the control. No changes in serum hormones were observed in deprived ewes, except aldosterone level which increased (P≤0.05) in deprived ewes. There were no variations in serum TP, Glob, Creat, urea and liver enzymes (ALT, AST) while Alb, TG, Chol, Na<sup>+</sup>, and Cl<sup>-</sup> were elevated (P≤0.05), while Glu and K<sup>+ </sup>declined (P≤0.05) by water deprivation. Haematological parameters sustained unaffected after deprivation. It is concluded that Ossimi ewes could easily maintained under the conditions of water scarcity or drought without adverse influences.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_153298_f6c39c23685970a110a3ebba0d88e802.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364212320210301Effect of Dietary Addition of Chamomile Flower (Matericaria chamomilla L.) Powder on Productive Performance, Hatching Traits and Economic Efficiency of Sudani Duck Breeders11912415359610.21608/jappmu.2021.153596ENA. M.El-ShhatAnim. Prod. Res. Institute, Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptMona A.RagabAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Soheir A.ShazlyAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Azza R.FawzyAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.M. I. Seif-El NaserAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric. Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20210304A total of261 Sudani ducks breeder (207 females and 54 drakes), 27-weeks old were used, weighed and divided into three experimental groups (each of three replicates) to investigate the effect of chamomile flower (<em>Matericaria chamomilla </em>L.) powder (CFP) addition at different levels (0, 1 and 3 g/kg diet) on productive performance, egg uniformity quality, hatchability and economic efficiency during the laying period. The results indicated that dietary CFP at level 1 g/kg significantly (P≤0.05) improved laying rate, egg number, egg mass, feed conversion ratio compared to the control group during the overall experimental period (27-39 weeks of age). In spite of, egg weight and egg uniformity, egg shape index, yolk index, haugh unit, yolk color score and hatchability percentage of fertile were not significantly affected by different levels of dietary CFP, while eggshell thickness was significantly increased. Feed consumption and fertile percentage of Sudani ducks were significantly decreased affected by levels of CFP. Economic efficiency was also improved for Sudani ducks fed diet supplemented with 1 g CFP/kg. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that dietary addition of 1 g CFP /kg for Sudani duck breeders during the laying period may be could improve productive performance, net revenue and the relative economical returns, besides reduce the feed consumption.<br /> <strong><em> </em></strong>https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_153596_57db980e305e0fde74a88f9a2602daf0.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364212320210301Use of whey Paneer Cheese as a New Dilute for Bovine Semen Cryopreservation12512915671310.21608/jappmu.2021.156713ENW. A. El-HamadyCattle Breeding Res. Dept., Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.N. B. ElgamlDairy Res. Dept., Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt.Journal Article20210315This study aimed to determine the utilizing whey resulting from making paneer cheese as a diluent for bovine semen. Semen was collected from 5 Friesian bulls, pooled, divided into three portions, and diluted (1:10) with three extenders; Tris-soybean lecithin (TSL), whey (W0), or whey+5% egg yolk (WEY), then equilibrated (5<sup>o</sup>C for 4 h), and frozen (-196<sup>o</sup>C). Semen was evaluated for progressive motility (PM), live sperm (LS), acrosome integrity (AI), abnormality (AB) and curled tail (CT) after dilution,equilibration and thawing using Computer Assisted Semen Analyzers (CASA) system. Results revealed that percentages of PM, LS, AI and CT of spermatozoa were higher (P<0.05), and AB percentage was lower (P<0.05) with WEY-extender than in other extenders either post- dilution or post-equilibration. In post-thawing semen evaluated by CASA, WEY-extender improved (P<0.05) percentages of progressive motility, total motility, rapid progress motility, functional sperm, and sperm immotility as compared to other extenders. WEY and W0 extenders increased (P<0.05) Linearity (LIN) compared with TSL extender. Straight line velocity (VSL) and straightness (STR) were higher (P<0.05) with WEY than TSL-extender, while did not differ between WEY and TSL-extender. Percentages of normal morphology form, abnormality in head, neck, and dual deformation, as well as teratozoospermic and sperm deformity indices were lower (P<0.05) in WEY-extender than in other extenders. Conclusion: Sperm freezability in Friesian bull semen can be improved during cryopreservation by using whey+5% egg yolk extender, as a promising extender, in comparing with whey without egg yolk and tris-citrate extenders.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_156713_44777d19a7bd78f49fe75e57fccc2c0b.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364212320210301Effect of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Levels on Productive Performance, Carcass and Tibia Characteristics of Sudani Ducklings13113616065510.21608/jappmu.2021.160655ENSoheir A.ShazlyAnim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric., Egypt.A. M. El-ShhatAnim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric., Egypt.Mona A.RagabAnim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric., Egypt.Kout Elkloub M. El.MoustafaAnim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric., Egypt.A. L. AwadAnim. Prod. Res. Instit., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. Agric., Egypt.Journal Article20210303This study was planned to evaluate varying dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) levels effects on the productive performance of Sudani ducklings during the growth period. A total of 240 unsexed ducklings, 7 days-old were split into four empirical groups, each of three replicates (20 ducklings each). The ducklings in the 1<sup>st</sup> up to the 4<sup>th</sup> group fed diet contained Ca plus P levels as follows 0.70% Ca+0.35% P (T<sub>1</sub>), 0.85% Ca+0.40% P (T<sub>2</sub>, as a control), 1.0% Ca+0.45% P (T<sub>3</sub>) and 1.15% Ca+0.50% P (T<sub>4</sub>), respectively during the starter and grower periods. Ducklings in T<sub>4</sub> group recorded a significant improvement of live body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio compared to the ducklings in T<sub>1</sub> groupat 7-91 days-old period. Both eviscerated carcass and total edible parts (%) were ameliorated (<em>P</em>>0.05) by increasing levels of Ca and P. All hematological parameters not significantly affected except for hemoglobin, which decreased by increasing levels of Ca and P. Serum Ca, P, vitamin D and alkaline phosphatase content for ducklings were not differed by varying Ca and P levels. Duckling's tibia calcium content significantly augmented by mounting Ca and P levels; however, their content from P not affected. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that the necessity to use the diet containing 1:1.15 Ca with 0.45: 0.50 P (%) to achieve the best growth characteristics and the ratio of edible parts, as well as tibia Ca content for Sudani ducklings during the growing period.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_160655_e0d19be396fce4d20f20ec4eb70a68eb.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364212320210301Effect of Grape Berries Juice Treated with Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Performance and Health of Rabbits13714316345610.21608/jappmu.2021.163456ENM. Y. MohamedAnimal Production Research Institute (APRI), Agricultural Research center (ARC), NC 12618, Dokki, Giza, EgyptA. Y. MekawyViticulture Department, Horticulture Research Institute (HRI), Agricultural Research center (ARC), Giza, EgyptJournal Article20210312This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of grape juice treated with zinc in both forms [chelated zinc (CZn) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs)], on rabbits performance. Forty-two male rabbits were divided into seven groups (6 each). The 1<sup>st</sup>group was administered 20ml/kg BW water daily (negative control).The 2<sup>nd</sup> group was taken 20ml/kg BW untreated grape juice (without zinc) daily (positive control).The 3<sup>rd</sup> group was treated with 20ml/kg BW grape juice that has been treated with CZn at 1.5 gL<sup>-1</sup> daily, While rabbits of the 4<sup>th</sup>, 5<sup>th</sup>,6<sup>th</sup>, &7<sup>th </sup>groups were taken 20ml/kg BW of grape juice that has been treated with ZnONPs at 60, 120, 240 & 480mgL<sup>-1</sup>, respectively, daily. Results showed that growth performance, feed efficiency, serum proteins, and hematological parameters of rabbits treated with either ZnONPs or CZn were significant (<em>P</em>< 0.001) improved until they reached their maximum in G6 and then began to decline after that in G7. Blood glucose levels followed the same trend. Liver and kidney function continued to gradually increase with increasing ZnONPs rate. ZnONPs treatments had significantly decreased in total cholesterol and triglycerides, but high &low-density lipoprotein were not affected compared to control. ZnONPs grape juice administration had significantly raised the serum GSH content and SOD activity compared to the control group. It can be concluded that using grape juice treated with ZnONPs up to 240mgL<sup>-1</sup> has no adverse effects on rabbits health. On the other hand, using the grape juice treated with ZnONPs at 480mgL<sup>-1</sup> has adverse effects on the rabbits health.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_163456_6a8637ffbd5803eedf41f437ad648d27.pdf