Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642311220061201Report on: CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS OF DAIRY COWS7541754323566410.21608/jappmu.2006.235664ENA. A.HassaboFaculty of Agricultural Technology Science and Fish, El Neelain
University, Khartoum, SudanJournal Article20061109The research is conducted to, ¡nvestigate the difference between cross bred
dairy cows (Kenana x Friesian) with local breed (kenana) in sorne reproductive traits.
The research also seek for the best cross that can be kept in the research
area.
200 dairy cows including local breed ( kenana.) 50%62.5% and 75% cross
bred dairy cows were studied ¡n five suecessive years (1997-200 1) The average birth
weight was 21.5, 25.4,25,9 and 25,6 kgs for local, breed 50%, 62.5% and 75%
respectively. Furthermore number of services per conception was 138, 1.36, 1.36, and
1.47, for the local 50% 62.5% and 25% respectively On the other hand the average of
first calving age weight was 262.6, 358.9, 376.2 for local 50%, 62 and 75%
respectively, the average gestation penod per cow was 281.1 282.4 and 282.9 days
for ¡ocal 50 62.5 and 74% respectively. The statistícal analysis showed that 62.5%
crossbred cows had better performance than the others.
The research concluded that extension should encourage the famiers to adopt
62% hybrid to carry out further studies on milk production for the different breeds.
Keywords: Dairy cows, reproductive
INTRODUCTION
Tropical dairy cows suffer from many factors the low quality forage, hot
stress, disease and low production. Genetic improvement is one of the main
tools that can increase the production In addition to environmental
¡rrprovement. cross breeding is one of the effective means that can upgrade
the production of kenana and Butaria cows which are the best milk producing
cows in the sudan.
Researchs were carried out to raise the yield of local breed Saeed et
a!. (1988).
50% cross herd cows were the best in the environment of Sudan and
to sub extence 62.5% Dairy farm was attached to kenana Sugar company in
1981 and fewer kenana cows had been adapted there . professionals in
kenana scheme began to improve their herd by crossing loca’ breeds with
pure Fresiari.
The study is seeking for the best rate that may show better r productive
performance ¡n the (SSR) Analysis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research area
The research is going carried out in kenana Sugaz’ company dairy farm.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_235664_df0935c3918ebaf86040e76a79c6247b.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642311220061201Report on: EFFECT OF BULL SEMEN QUALITY ON REPEATABILITY AND MILK PRODUCTION OF COWS.7545754723566610.21608/jappmu.2006.235666ENA. A.Hassabo,Faculty of Agricultural Technology Science and Fish, El Neelain
University, Khartoum, SudanJournal Article20061113The present work was carried out to investigate the effect of semen
quality of bulls on repeatability and milk yield of cows.
One hundred cows from a private dairy farms 360 kms southern
Khartoum city were suffering from repeatability and poor milks yield
Veterinary medical diagnosis was carried out for the cows, no ventral
disease or physiological aspects were observed, semen ararnination was
done to the sires (six), four sires out of them had aspermia, while the other
two sires have low fertility rate (less than 50 %).
The sires replaced with proven ones , hence the cows onceived and
became pregnant, calved and gave abundant milk.
The present work research found that there is positive effect of semen
eva!uation on conception and on milk yield. It could be the research
recommended that monthly semen evaluation arid brucella test to must be
carried out minimize to avoid the repeatability and indirectly to increase yield
the poor milk of the cows.
Keywords: Bull, Semen, Repeatability, Milk Production
INTRODUCTION
One of the most important factors to be examind for bull fertility is
semen evaluation (Setchefl, 1977).
Bull fertility usually considered as a measure for sire reproductive
efficiency Bearden, and Fuquqa (1987) proven sire is very important for dairy
fanning arid ¡t should be mature enough to copulate, healthy, has moderate
size, from good dairy breed, more sexually aggressive, more quickly moving
around and copulate more often before exhausted (Webster, 1987). Semen
should be examined and evaluated in vitro before insemination. The factors
cause deffect in sperm viability such as testicular. Degeneration, lorchites,
epididymitis, heat stress, and inadequate feed. So this study aime to study
the effect of semen quality on repeatabOity and milk production of cows.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred cows and 6 Bulls from a private farm (360 kms southern
Khartoum were kept examined for the following:
1. Brucella test: (Ring test).
2. Semen quality (Semen to be examined to recognize the viscosity, colour,
mortality, volume concentration and fertility).https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_235666_81bbec2f3a66c9ce1f88d9f347add4f9.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642311220061201CROSSBREEDING EFFECTS OF PROGENY TRAITS DUE TO CROSSING OF BAUSCAT AND BALADI RED RABBITS7549755923566910.21608/jappmu.2006.235669ENG. E.Y.Attalah,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, AIAzhar
University1 Nasr City, EgyptJournal Article20061115A crossbreeding study was carried out at the Experimental Rabbit Farm,<br />
<br />
Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, At-Azhar University, Nasr<br />
<br />
City Cairo, Egypt, for three consecutive years of production starting from September<br />
<br />
1998, using Bauscat (exotic breed) and Baladí Red (local breed) ¡n addition to their<br />
<br />
two reciprocal crosses to study direct heterosis, maternal additive and diret additive<br />
<br />
effects on progeny traits (body weight and daily gain). Breed group effects on body<br />
<br />
weight were non-significant at different stage of ages, while its effects on daily gain<br />
<br />
weight were found to be significant at age intervals of (8-10), (10-12), (12-14) and (4-<br />
<br />
14) weeks of age. Threr was a superiority of Bauscat rabbits over Baladi Red for body<br />
<br />
weight at studied all age except at 10 weeks, while for daily gain weight ¡t was during<br />
<br />
all age intervals except at (5-10) weeks. however the differences between the two<br />
<br />
breeds were mostly non-significant for body weight and daily gain traits.<br />
<br />
Crossbreeding between Bauscat and Baladi Red rabbits was generally associated<br />
<br />
with improvement in all body weights and daily gain weight traits except body weights<br />
<br />
at 12, 14 weeks and daily gain during ages intervals of (8-10), (10-12) and (4 —14)<br />
<br />
weeks. Direct Sire additive effect on progeny traits were mostly ¡n favour of Bauscat<br />
<br />
sired rabbits progeny traits except body weight at 14 weeks and during the age<br />
<br />
interials of (8-10), (10-12), (12-14), (birth-14) and (4-14) weeks it was in favour of<br />
<br />
Baladi Red sires. Maternal additive effect on progeny traits was in favour of Baladí<br />
<br />
Red rabbits for most studied body weight traits. When crossbreeding was applied<br />
<br />
between these two rabbit breeðs Maternal additive effect on daily gain was ¡n favour<br />
<br />
of BR dams during the age intervals of (birth-4), (4-6) and (6-8), while daily gain<br />
<br />
during intervals of (8-10), (10-12), (12-14), (birth-14) and (4-14) weeks were in favour<br />
<br />
of B dams.<br />
<br />
Keywords: Egyptian Balad Red rabbits, crossbreeding, Heterotic effect,<br />
<br />
maternal additive effect, direct additive effect.<br />
<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
<br />
Crossbreeding has an advantage over the synthesis of breeds ¡n<br />
<br />
utilizing the breed differences due to the expected segregation along with the<br />
<br />
recombination (Dickerson, 1969). Egyptian studies (e.g. Afifi, 1971; Afifi and<br />
<br />
Khalil, 1989; Oudha, 1990; ElDessokì, 1991; Afifi et aL, 1994; Khalil et at,<br />
<br />
1995 and Abd El-Aziz, 1998) evidenced, ¡ri general, that crossing local<br />
<br />
breeds of rabbits (e.g. Baladi, Baladi Red, Baladi Black, Giza White, ..etc.)<br />
<br />
with exotic breeds (e.g. Bauscat, Californian, New Zealand White, ... etc.)<br />
<br />
was associated with improvement in progeny traits ( e.g. body weight and<br />
<br />
daily gain weight). Several studies were carried out to investigate the<br />
<br />
productive potentialities of native and exotic breeds of rabbits under the<br />
<br />
Egyptian conditions, in spit of this results there is a need to obtain more<br />
<br />
information about the genetic, environmental and managerial aspects of<br />
<br />
rabbit production to create a profitable industry. In addition to estimate the<br />
<br />
present objectives direct heterosis (H’), direct(G5 and maternal (G’) additive
https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_235669_0bec8286217440c7ff4b183e7c2677bb.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642311220061201NUTRITIONAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON FRIES1AN CALVES FED PROTECTED FAT AND PROTEIN DIETS: 6. HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOMETRIC CHARACTERiSTICS OF THE RUMEN7561757823567110.21608/jappmu.2006.235671ENA. E.Abdel-Khalek,Anim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric.1 Mansoura University.M . A.AbdelhamidAnim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric.1 Mansoura University.A. F.MehrezAnim. Prod. Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, EgyptE. A.OmarAnim. Prod. Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, EgyptM. A.Abu EIHamdAnim. Prod. Research Institute, Agric. Res. Center, EgyptJournal Article20061117A total of 18 Friesian calves having one month of age was used in 3 dietary<br />
<br />
treatment groups to study the effect of feeding protected protein or protected fat diets,<br />
<br />
from 1 up to B months of age, on histological characteristics of the rumen of Friesian<br />
<br />
calves. The 1 group (control) was fed untreated concentrate feed mixture (CFM), the<br />
<br />
was fed CFM, 5% of it was replaced by protected fat (PF) and the 3 was fed CFM<br />
<br />
treated with 1% formaldehyde on the basìs of its total CP (PP). All groups were fed<br />
<br />
plus berseem hay beside the CFM. Thickness of all ruminai wall tunicae, mucosal<br />
<br />
lamìnae and stratum (st.) corneum was estimated. Also, density and dimensions of<br />
<br />
ruminai papillae were measured to calculate papillary surface area. Results indicated<br />
<br />
that tunica mucosa was thicker (Pc0.05) in PP than in PF and control groups.<br />
<br />
Thickness of lamina epithelialis mucosa (LEM) did not differ significantly among<br />
<br />
treatment groups. However, it was thicker (P’0.O5) in PF than ¡n PP group (0.30 vs.<br />
<br />
0.27 mm). As overall mean, st. corneum tended to be thicker ¡n control (44.3 pm) than<br />
<br />
in PF (42.9 pm) and PP (43.2 sim) group. Lamina propria was thicker (P<005) in PP<br />
<br />
than ¡n PF and control groups (1.20 vs. 0.96 and 1.02 mm). Subrriucosa was thicker<br />
<br />
(P<0.05) in PF and PP groups than in control group. Total thickness of tunica<br />
<br />
musculosa was higher (P’cO.05) ¡n PP and PP than ¡n control group. Generaly,<br />
<br />
thickness of all previous traits varied significantly between different ruminai sacs as<br />
<br />
affected significantly by dietary treatments. Ventral ruminai sac showed significantly<br />
<br />
the highest thickness in calves of all groups. Papillary length was affected (P’cO.05) by<br />
<br />
dietary treatment, but each of PF or PP group did not differ significantly from that of<br />
<br />
the control one. Papillary length ¡n was shorter (P<0.05) in PP than in PP group.<br />
<br />
Treatment group did not affect papillary width. Density of papiHae was lower (PcO.05)<br />
<br />
in PF and PP groups than in control one. Surface area of each papilla was lower<br />
<br />
(Pc005) in PF than in PP and control groups, which did not differ significantly.<br />
<br />
Papillary surface area per cm2 was lower (P<O.05) in PF group; however, PP group < br />
<br />
showed in9nificantly [ower values compared with the control. Inter-papillary surface<br />
<br />
area per cm showed negative relationship with papillary density and was significantly<br />
<br />
affected by dietary treatments, ruminai sac and their interaction. Total surface area<br />
<br />
per cm of different ruminai sacs mainly affected by surface area of papillae within<br />
<br />
each cm2. So, total surface area/cm2 showed the same trend of surface area of<br />
<br />
papillaelcm2 as affected by dietary treatment and ruminai sacs. On the basis on the<br />
<br />
foregoing results, it could be conclude from the nutritional point of view that feeding<br />
<br />
calves on the tested diets esuIted had beneftcìat effects on histological and<br />
<br />
histometric characteristics of rumen of Friesiari calves during suckling period and<br />
<br />
<span>arly post-weaning ages.<br /> <br /> </span>https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_235671_0a94feef0e4df27a57f11707e7d57612.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642311220061201EVALUATION OF THE YEAST “Saccharomyces cerevisiae” AS AN ADDITIVE TO TILAPIA, Oreo chromis niloticus, FEEDS7579758823567210.21608/jappmu.2006.235672ENA. H.M.Gomaa,Central Lab. for Food and Feed (CLFF), A.R.C, 588, Orman1 Giza, EgyptH. F.A.MotaweCentral Lab. for Food and Feed (CLFF), A.R.C, 588, Orman1 Giza, EgyptT. M.EI-AfifiCentral Lab. for Food and Feed (CLFF), A.R.C, 588, Orman1 Giza, EgyptM. S.HareadyCentral Lab. for Food and Feed (CLFF), A.R.C, 588, Orman1 Giza, EgyptJournal Article20061121This experiment was conducted to determine the optimum level of adding<br />
<br />
the yeast Saccharomyces cerevi$iae to tilapia feeds. Two types of feed were used ,<br />
<br />
the first feed type contained fish meal and the second feed type contained a whole<br />
<br />
plant ingredients. Four experimental diets were formulated for each type of feed. The<br />
<br />
dried bakery yeast (DBY) was added to three of the experimental diets at levels of<br />
<br />
0.1%, 0.2% or 0.3%. The fourth experimental diet did not contain the (DRY) and used<br />
<br />
as a control diet. These experimental diets were fed to tilapia, Oreo chromis niloticus<br />
<br />
fingerlings for a period of seven weeks. The results showed that growth performance<br />
<br />
and feed utilization had improved at all addibon levers of (DBY). The addition of the<br />
<br />
(OBY) at levels of 0.2% or 0.3% had showed no significant improvement rather than<br />
<br />
this given the 0.1%. The addition of (DRY) to a whole plant diet had resulted in<br />
<br />
growth rates that are significantly equivalent to that of a diet containing fish meal<br />
<br />
without the addition of OBY. Therefore, ¡t could be recommended that the use of 0.1%<br />
<br />
of DRY to tilapia diets would be of economic worthiness.<br />
<br />
INTRODUCTION<br />
<br />
With increasing consumer demand for fish and declining supply from<br />
<br />
natural waters, the aquaculture industry has to compensate this shortage in<br />
<br />
fish supply. As aquaculture technology has evolved, the push toward higher<br />
<br />
yields and faster growth has evolved the replacement of natural foods with<br />
<br />
prepared diets. This type of feeds should contain not only necessary nutrients<br />
<br />
but also complementary additives to keep organisms healthy and to support<br />
<br />
maximum growth. Growth promoters include hormones, antibiotic, lonophores<br />
<br />
and some salts (NRC, 1993). However, the improper use of these growth<br />
<br />
promoters may cause adverse effects to the animal and to the final consumer<br />
<br />
and could also lead to resistance in pathogenic bacteria in the case of<br />
<br />
antibiotic. (Fuller, 1992).<br />
<br />
Consequently, fish nutritionists have tried to examine other materials<br />
<br />
to be used as growth promoters in fish feeding. Recently, probiotics have<br />
<br />
been used for supplementing diets ¡n many fish species. Common carp fed<br />
<br />
on diets supplemented with yeast (S. cerevisiae) gained better growth<br />
<br />
response compared with those fed on either antibiotics or bacteria (S.<br />
<br />
faeciLim) (Noh et aI., 1994). Bogut et aI., (1998) reported that S. faecium has<br />
<br />
a better probiotic additive for carp than yeast. A significant increase ¡n the<br />
<br />
growth of cultured trout was observed when yeast isolated from the intestines<br />
<br />
of wild trout was introduced into the digestive tracts of cultured trout (Vázquez<br />
<br />
— Juárez et aI., 1993). Lara. Flores et aI., (2003) concluded that the addition<br />
<br />
of 0.1°/o S. faecium, L. aceidophilus or S. cervisiae in tlapia fry diets improves<br />
<br />
animal growth, and the yeast produced the best results. They also noted thathttps://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_235672_e7e8589d7718d7f8355fb9039e6d6cf1.pdf