Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642301120051101FACTORS RELATED TO THE INCIDENCE OF RETAINED PLACENTA IN FRIESIAN COWS KEPT UNDER EGYPTIAN CONDITONS.6521653223843710.21608/jappmu.2005.238437ENShe A.Gabr,• Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta
UniversityShe M.ShamiahAnimal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.M. A.Abu EI-HamdAnimal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center.Journal Article20051001The present study aimed at evaluating the general assessment of retained <br /> placenta over 3 years in a dairy flock, belonging to Sakha Experimental Station, <br /> Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Ministry of <br /> Agriculture. The study included a special assessment of incidence of retained <br /> placenta (retention of fetal membranes for more than 12 hours post-partum) of 783 <br /> Friesian cows (350-650 kg and 1-11 parities) covering a period from 2001 to 2003. <br /> Results revealed that Percentage of incidence of retained placenta was significantly <br /> (P<0.05) the highest during August and September months (43.2 and 36.4%, <br /> respectively) and the lowest in October and December (5.3 and 8.3%, respectively). <br /> However, frequency distribution of retained placenta incidence was not affected <br /> significantly by month of the year. Higher percentage and higher distribution of <br /> retained placenta incidence occurred in February (32.1 and 17.7%, respectively), <br /> however, the lowest corresponding values were observed in October (5.3 and 0.52%, <br /> respectively). The highest incidence of retained placenta was significantly (P<0.05) <br /> observed in the heaviest cows having body weight more than 550 Kg (34.25%) while <br /> the lowest incidence (12.19%) was significantly (P<0.05) obtained from cows ranged <br /> between 350 and 400 Kg LBW. The highest distribution was associated significantly <br /> (P<0.05) with cows weighing between 450-500 Kg (41.6%), while cows having 350- <br /> 400 kg showed significantly (P<0.05) the lowest percentage and frequency distribution <br /> of incidence of retained placenta, being 12.2 and 2.6%, respectively. The highest <br /> percentage (65.6%) and the lowest frequency distribution (10.9%) of retained <br /> placenta incidence were significantly (P<0.05) observed when the birth weight of calf <br /> was more than 40 kg. Percentage of retained placenta incidence varied from 21.2 to <br /> 33.8% when the calf birth weight was less than 40 kg, however, the highest frequency <br /> distribution (45.3%) was significantly (P<0.05) obtained for calves weighing 20-30 kg. <br /> Percentage of incidence of retained placenta was 25.94 and 22.47% after male and <br /> female calves calving, respectively. The distribution of retained placenta after male <br /> calving was 53.64%, being comparatively more than frequent following the birth of <br /> females (46.35%), but the difference was not significant. Percentage of retained <br /> placenta incidence in calving multiparous was two folds of that in calving primiparous <br /> cows (28.4 vs. 14.5%). The frequency distribution of retained placenta was 81.72% <br /> being comparatively more frequent following calving multiparous than 18.27% in case <br /> of primiparous cows. The percentage of incidence of retained placenta was 23.8% in <br /> cows fed on green fodders <em>(Trif</em><em>ol</em><em>i</em><em>u</em><em>m a</em><em>l</em><em>ex</em><em>a</em><em>nd</em><em>er</em><em>en</em><em>um</em><em>), </em>being lower than that in cows <br /> fed on dry feeding 25.7%. Also frequency distribution of retained placenta incidence <br /> was insignificantly higher during green feeding period than dry feeding period.
From the obtained results, it could be concluded that month of year, weight <br /> of dam and born had pronounced effects on incidence of retained placenta in Friesian <br /> cows under Egyptian conditions.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_238437_6da266bdb6a99dfc18c6422a02b98efb.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642301120051101CORTICAL PATTERN OF COARSE BARKI WOOL FLEECES WITH DIFFERENT COTTING LEVELS6533654123843810.21608/jappmu.2005.238438ENR. A.Guirgis,Department of Wool Production and Technology, Animal Production
Division, Desert Research Center, Matareya, Cairo, Egypt.A. S.AbdouDepartment of Wool Production and Technology, Animal Production
Division, Desert Research Center, Matareya, Cairo, Egypt.M. M.EI-GanaienyDepartment of Wool Production and Technology, Animal Production
Division, Desert Research Center, Matareya, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20051009Five adult Barki ewes of each of the four cotting levels: high, medium, low and <br /> zero were used. All the experimental animals grazed at Maryout Research Station (35 <br /> kilometers south west of Alexandria). Observations on cortical segmentation of fibres <br /> in the follicles were conducted .
The nature and presence of bilateral and radial cortical patterns of coarse <br /> Barki wool sheep is observed and discussed in relation to some physical properties of <br /> cotted fibres. The asymmetry in the cortex was studied using skin sections. The <br /> bilateral structure was present in both primary lateral and secondary fibres. <br /> Differences (p < O.05) occurred in mean area of par- cortical segment and mean ortho- <br /> to para- ratio between different cotting levels. The coarse wool fibres which were <br /> associated with low cotting levels were found to have the radial asymmetry which <br /> originated from the primary central follicles.
Regardless of follicular origin, there was a significant increase in the <br /> percentage of radial cortical type and a decrease in bilateral cortical type percentages <br /> with increasing cotting level, therefore selection for increasing bilateral pattern in <br /> fibres, through increasing <em>S</em><em>I</em><em>P </em>ratio, might contribute to a reduced ability towards <br /> cotting.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_238438_ca6c9e239f024a21170b751aef1f03bd.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642301120051101EFFECT OF FEEDING LEVELS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus L.) FINGERLINGS REARED IN CAGES AT WADI EL RAYIAN LAKES, FAYOUM GOVERNORATE.6543655123843910.21608/jappmu.2005.238439ENA. M.Yones,National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Shakshouk Aquatic
Research Station at EI Fayoum, Egypt.Journal Article20051015The experimental was carried out in the second lake of Wadi EI- Rayian Lake <br /> at Fayoum Governorate. Twelve floating cages were used as experimental units, each <br /> cage measures 7x 7x x2 m with submerged depth 1 m (net volume=49 m\ <br /> Fingerlings of Nile tilapia with an initial average weight of 22g ±O.7g were randomly <br /> distributed into cages at 30 fish/m<sup>3</sup> with total biomass of 1470 fish in each cage. Four <br /> treatments were conducted to study the effect of feeding levels on performance of <br /> tilapia. In the T1, fish were fed on the available natural food, whereas in T2 and T3, <br /> the fish fed daily at 3 and 5% from their body weight, respectively. However in the <br /> fourth treatment (T4), fish were fed to apparent satiation. The commercial pelleted diet <br /> (25% C.P.) was offered two <em>t</em><em>i</em><em>mes</em><em>l </em>day. The Performance of tilapia showed Significant <br /> differences among treatments (p < 0.05). The best performance records for gain, GR, <br /> SGR. and PER were obtained with the fish fed to apparent satiation (T 4), followed in a <br /> decreasing order by fish fed daily at 3% from their body weight. On the other hand, <br /> fish depended only on the natural food and which received 5% of B.W., showed <br /> inferior performance parameters compared with the other treatments. The carcass <br /> composition of tilapia was not affected by feeding levels, except that of fish fed 5% <br /> B.W. which gave less increase in their body fat content. In the same trend, the blood <br /> characteristics of tilapla (hematocrite. hemoglobin and plasma protein content) were <br /> not affected by feeding levels. The total fish production and net returns showed an <br /> increase in yields for the .cages fed to apparent satiation. It could be concluded that <br /> fish fed to apparent satiation (feed amount equivalent 2.7% of body weight/day) <br /> enhance the growth performance, blood characteristics and yields of tilapia <br /> <em>Oreoc</em><em>h</em><em>romis niloticus </em><em>. </em>https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_238439_d0e7f0b86e8ce36f2da5f445244ec0f5.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642301120051101INCORPORATION OF LUPIN SEED MEAL AS PLANT PROTEIN SOURCE IN GIL THEAD SEA BREAM (Sparus aurata) DIETS.6553656423844010.21608/jappmu.2005.238440ENA. M.Yones,National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Shakshouk Aquatic
Research Station at EI Fayoum, Egypt.Journal Article20051021The extruded lupin seed meal <em>(</em><em>L</em><em>u</em><em>p < /em><em>i</em><em>nu</em><em>s </em><em>a/bu</em><em>s</em><em>) </em>was used as alternative <br /> protein source to partially replace fish meal in feeding of <em>S</em><em>p < /em><em>arus aurata</em><em>. </em>Four <br /> experimental diets were formulated to contain 40.68% ±0.12 CP. Diet 1, without lupin <br /> seed meal and considered to be the control, where L 10, L20 and L30, lupin seed meal <br /> was incorporated at 10,20 and 30%, respectively. Sixty fingerlings of <em>Sparus aurata <br /> </em>with an initial body we~ht of S.45±O.05g were distributed at random in twelve fiber <br /> glass tanks (each of1 m ). The fish were fed 3% of their total body weight and the diets <br /> were offered at two times/day. Growth performance of fish showed a significance <br /> differences (P<0.05) between treatments. The highest performance was recorded with <br /> the fish fed 20% lupin seed meal (L20), followed with lesser extant by the control and <br /> L 10 diets, respectively. However, the least performance was recorded with 30% <br /> incorporation level of lupin seed meal (L30). The carcass composition of fish were not <br /> affected by the incorporation level of lupin. The digestibility coefficients of the <br /> experimental diets showed a good utilization for protein in all tested diets. However, <br /> the carbohydrate digestibility coefficients recorded inferior results. On the other hand, <br /> the blood characteristics of fish (Hematocrite, Hemoglobin and plasma protein <br /> content) not differently by lupin seed level in the diets. The results of the present trial <br /> concluded that, the lupin seed meal can be utilized at level of 20% in feeding of <br /> <em>Sparus au</em><em>r</em><em>ata, </em>without adversely effects on growth performance, digestibility <br /> coefficient and blood characteristics.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_238440_21099387a20b2863d7ed4e344538f143.pdfMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-3642301120051101GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF MILK PRODUCTION IN EGYPTIAN BUFFALOES THROUGH SELECTION INDEXES6565657123844110.21608/jappmu.2005.238441ENM. H.Hammoud,Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University
of AlexandriaO. M.EI-ShafieAnimal Production Research Institute, Ministry of AgricultureJournal Article20051027Data relevant to 398 Egyptian buffaloes raised at Mehallet Mousa <br /> Experimental Station between 1972-1992 were utilized in this investigation to <br /> construct several selection indexes which determine the most suitable combination <br /> of age at first calving (AFC), first lactation total milk yield (TMY), first dry period <br /> (DP)and first calving interval (CI) in order to realize the most genetic improvement in <br /> TMY.
Overall mean of AFC was 1167.12 days, of TMY was 1231.57 kgs, of DP was <br /> 315.50 days and of CI was 597.25 days. Heritability estimate of AFC was 0.38, of <br /> TMY was 0.43, of DP was 0.32 and of CI was 0.20. Phenotypic correlations were <br /> highly significant but mild except those between DP and each of TMY and CI were <br /> moderately negative and high positive , respectively. Similarly were the genetic <br /> correlations except that between DP and AFC which was moderately positive. The <br /> genetiC correlation between TMY and each of DP and CI were high negative and very <br /> high positive, respectively.
The highest expected genetic improvement (ilG) for TMY (357.5 kgs) was <br /> obtained from the second index (12) which incorporated TMY, DP and CI. Also it <br /> recorded the highest correlation with the aggregate genotype (rrr = 1.00) and the <br /> highest reiative efficiency compared with the basic index (RE %= 125). Whereas the <br /> lowest correlation with the aggregate genotype (riT = 0.65) and the lowest relative <br /> efficiency (RE%=81) were obtained from 16 which included TMY and DP.https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_238441_dd7ead239776f8c0619f31c133525374.pdf