Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36424420130401IDENTIFICATION OF GENETIC IMPROVEMENT USING GENETIC MARKERS IN SOME LOCAL RABBIT STRAINS: 1. EFFECT OF GENETIC VARIATION1771917120010.21608/jappmu.2013.71200ENM. M. A.SheteifaAnimal Production Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, EgyptOla A.GalalGenetics Dept., Fac. Agric., Kafrelsheikh Univ., 33516 Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt.Ragaa E.Abd El-KarimAnimal Production Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, EgyptF. A.TawfeekAnimal Production Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, EgyptJournal Article20130415Genetic variations were detected in four rabbit genotypes; APRI line, New-Zealand White (NZW), Baladi Black (BB) and Gabali (GAB) breeds. Blood samples were taken from ten doe rabbits from APRI, NZW and BB in addition to seven does from GAB. Isozymes (esterase and peroxidase) and SDS-protein markers were used to detect the genetic variations within the four genotypes. RAPD-PCR analysis using six random arbitrary primers were employed to assess the genetic variations and phylogenetic relationships among the four genotypes. Results showed that there are a variation in both of protein and isozymes activity levels. Esterase profiles showed higher percentage of polymorphism (67.21%) than peroxidase (34.78%) and SDS-protein profiles (39.11%) within the studied genotypes. Overall mean of the genetic similarity within the studied genotypes based on all biochemical markers were 0.81 (APRI), 0.91 (NZW), 0.89 (BB) and 0.86 (GAB), which indicated high homogeneity within each genotype. The polymorphism percentage based on overall RAPD primers was 35.44% among the four genotypes, which suggest a kind of genetic diversity among the rabbit genotypes. From the dendrogram tree, both BB and GAB appeared to be closely related, while the APRI was the most different. The obtained results could have a great impact in rabbit breeding programs, such as selection or crossing programs.
Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36424420130401USE OF LOW TANNIN SORGHUM TO REPLACE YELLOW CORN PARTIALLY OR TOTALLY IN BROILER RATIONS1932037121110.21608/jappmu.2013.71211ENM. T.El-AfifiRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res.Center, Giza, Egypt.Akila S.HamzaRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res.Center, Giza, Egypt.H. S.SolimanAnimal Production Dept., Fac. Agric., Ain Shams University.H. F. A.MotaweRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res.Center, Giza, Egypt.M. A.El-SherbinyRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res.Center, Giza, Egypt.P. W.WaldroupPoultry Science Dept., University of Arkansas, Fayetteville AR.U.S.A.M. M.El-ShinnawyAnim. and Poult. Dep., Faculty of Agric. Mansoura Univ.Journal Article20130415An experiment was conducted to evaluate the best level of low tannin- sorghum grains to be included in broiler diets as a source of energy partially or completely replace yellow corn. Chemical composition and nutritional value of low tannin- sorghum grains were determined. Six hundred and thirty one day old Cobb broilers were used in this study. The chicks were randomly distributed among five dietary treatments (Control and four treatments). The experimental diets contained 4 levels of low-tannin sorghum grains during each stage of the three stages of growth (starter; grower and finisher). Each dietary treatment was offered to 3 replicates each replicate contained 42 chicks housed in broiler cages. The diets were formulated to be iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and covering the chick requirements as recommended by the management guide data of cobb chicks. The effects of different inclusion rates of low-tannin sorghum on growth performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated. The economic efficiency of replacing yellow corn by low-tannin sorghum was calculated. During the entire growth period (starter, grower and finisher), there were no significant differences in live body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion between chicks fed the control diet and those fed diets containing low-tannin sorghum up to 100%. There was also no significant difference in carcass yield at 35 days of age between birds fed the control diets and those fed diets containing different levels of sorghum.The economical efficiency study showed that replacing 50% and 25% of yellow corn with sorghum grains had the best economical efficiency and relative economical efficiency. Accordingly, this study demonstrated that low-tannin sorghum can safely be used in the broiler starter, grower and finisher rations as a substitute for yellow corn up to 100%, in spite of the exceptionally lower protein content of the sorghum, the present results confirm previous results in the livestock that low or non-tannin sorghum could partially or completely replace yellow corn in broilers rations. The fact that sorghum normally contains 10-11% CP compared to corn emphasizes the importance of using sorghum on the productive and economic efficiency of broilers especially in areas where the white skin color of broilers has consumer preference.
Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36424420130401EVALUATION OF THREE TRANSGENIC CORN HYBRIDS (BT CORN) IN BROILER GROWTH TRIAL2052157121710.21608/jappmu.2013.71217ENM. T.El-AfifiRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptM. A.El-SherbinyRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptGihan El-MoghazyRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptA. M.El - ShinnawyRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptGalila M.DarwishRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptRegional Center for Food and Feed, Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20130415The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of including three transgenic corn hybrids in broiler diets with the corresponding isogenic corn diets on broiler performance, blood characteristics and histological status for both liver and kidney.
Two hundred and fifty two chicks (Ross 308) were fed for 35 days with diets containing Bt or isogenic corn. Both Bt and isogenic corn were analyzed for chemical composition and total aflatoxin contents. The analysis has shown that the amino acid balance for the tested corn was relatively similar to their crude protein content. The diets were formulated to be iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous and covering the chick requirements as recommended by the management guide data (Ross). The different in chemical composition between corn used in this study is considered as a natural variation. Also, the results showed that both Bt and isogenic corn were free from aflatoxins. The results of the growth study showed no differences in performance parameters. No differences were detected in blood characteristics or histological structure of both kidneys and liver between groups fed the three transgenic corn and their corresponding isogenic corn. Accordingly, it is clear that the transgenic corn had no deleterious or unintended effects on production traits of broiler chickens in this study.
Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36424420130401EFFECT OF DIETARY GLUTAMIC ACID ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS TRAITS OF GROWING APRI RABBITS2172327122010.21608/jappmu.2013.71220ENHoda A.ShabaanAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptAmany A.KhayyalAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptMervat N.GhazalAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptM. A. M.SheteifaAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Ministry of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20130415
This study aimed to find out the effect of supplementing two sources of dietary glutamic acid (artificial and natural) in rabbit diets on productive performance and carcass traits of growing APRI rabbits. The basal diet was formulated to meet nutrients recommendations. A total number of 150 APRI rabbit kids were weaned at five weeks of age with an average body weight of 667.48±3g. The rabbits were distributed according to body weight to five equal groups (G, n = 30 each, from weaning to 16 weeks of age). The five groups were assigned at random to five dietary treatments. The control (G1) was fed <em>ad-libitum</em> on a basal commercial pellet diet; diets of G2 and G3 were supplemented with artificial source of glutamic acid at a rate of 0.125 and 0.25%, respectively. While part of rations of G4 and G5 were substituted with a natural glutamic acid using tomato by-products at a rate of 5 and 10% (contained natural glutamic acid, 0.125 and 0.25%), respectively. At the end of the experimental period (16 weeks of age), digestibility trials were carried out to determine the digestibility of feed nutrients and feeding value of the experimental diets. In addition, four rabbits were slaughtered from each group to study the carcass traits and some blood parameters.
Results showed that body weight tended to be higher in G3 and G5 during the period from 5-12 and 5-16 weeks of age, than that in G1, G2 and G4, respectively. The highest weight gain values from 5-12 and 5-16 weeks were observed with G3 and G5. Feed intake was significantly affected by the diets. Lowest average feed intake from weaning to slaughter (5-16 weeks of age) was recorded for G4. Better feed conversion and performance index (%) were for G3 and G5 than in the other groups, in all ages. No significant differences of digestibility coefficients of nutrients among studied groups were observed. The maximum mortality rate was recorded in G1 and G4, respectively. The empty carcass (%) was significantly higher in G5. Dressing % and carcass cuts were higher for G5. The lowest values of AST and ALT (U/I) were recorded in rabbit of G2 and G3 than the other groups. Rabbits fed diet G3 recorded the lowest values of plasma urea and creatinine (mg/dl) followed by G4 and G5, while the highest value was shown with G1.
In conclusion, natural source of glutamic acid (tomato by-products) could be valid feed ingredient due to its good content of glutamic acid could be included in rabbit diets in levels up to 10% for better productive performance, carcass traits, physiological function and economic revenue.