Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36421820100801EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF COPPER ON BROILER PERFORMANCE3173238623710.21608/jappmu.2010.86237ENI. M. E.HashishPoultry Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Egypt.H. A.SorourBiological Chemistry Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Egypt.F. A.MohamedPoultry Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Egypt.N. M.El-MedanyPoultry Production Dept., Fac. of Agric., Ain Shams Univ., Egypt.Journal Article20200501Two hundreds and forty, one day old chicks were allocated randomly into 4 copper treatments (60 chicks each )in three replicates (20 chicks\replicate. They were housed in 12 pens. each pen was considered as experimental replicate . Copper levels, used as copper sulfate (Cu<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) were 0, 100, 200 and 300 mg/ kg diets. The criteria of response were body weight, weight gain, feed conversion, tibia measurements and mineralization and carcass traits.The experimental period was 35 days .
The results indicated that copper supplemented groups were recorded significantly higher values during the 4<sup>th</sup> and 5<sup>th</sup> week for body weight and during the grower and overall periods for body weight gain compared with the control group which recorded the lowest value for the same parameters and periods mentioned above. However, there were no significant differences in body weight and body weight gain during the 2<sup>nd</sup> week of the experiment among the different groups. On the other hand, there were no significant differences among tested groups for feed intake and feed conversion ratio for all experimental periods except the grower period where birds in the highest two level groups of copper supplementation consumed more feed compared with the other groups. Broiler groups fed diets supplemented with 100 and 300 ppm Cu gave the best values of feed conversion ratio compared with either 0 or 200 ppm Cu groups. No significant effects were detected in relative weights of carcass, liver, gizzard, heart, spleen, edible parts, inedible parts, fat and tibia due to feeding diets containing different levels of Cu supplementation. Also, there were no significant differences between groups fed different levels of Cu supplementation in all tibia measurements and mineralization except for group fed 300ppm Cu which recorded a significant decrease in Ca and P concentrations compared with the other groups.
It could be concluded from results obtained that copper sulfate supplementation up to 200 ppm to broiler diets had beneficial effect on growth performance under this study and without any adverse effects on carcass traits Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36421820100801EFFECT OF STOCKING DENSITY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND PRODUCTION OF SILVER CARP (Hypohthalmichthys molitrix) CULTURED IN FLOATING CAGES.3253348623810.21608/jappmu.2010.86238ENM. A. A.MostafaDept. Aquaculture, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Res., Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.I. M. A.SamraDept. Aquaculture, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Res., Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.M. E. I.RadwanDept. Aquaculture, Central Laboratory for Aquaculture Res., Abbassa, Abo-Hammad, Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.Journal Article20200501Silver carp (<em>H. molitrix</em>) fingerlings with initial weight of 20.1 g. were stocked at a rate of 2500 , 5000 and 10000 fish/cage in 6 cages (two cages per treatment) each of 9 × 6 × 3 m. The total duration of experiment was 10 months (300 day).
Wight gain and specific growth rate were significantly decreased with increasing stocking density.
The highest net return was obtained with stocking density of 5000fish/cage, while the lowest net return was obtained with stocking density of 2500fish/cage. Survival was negatively correlated with stocking densities through the experimental period.
In conclusion, the optimum stocking density of Silver carp under the conditions of this experiment is 5000 fish/cage in terms of growth performance, total production and net return. Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36421820100801EFFECT OF Mugil cephalus SIZE AND DENSITY AT INITIAL STOCKING ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND SIZE AT HARVEST.3353448623910.21608/jappmu.2010.86239ENM. N.BakeerCentral Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.M. A. A.MostafaCentral Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.M. A.SamraCentral Laboratory for Aquaculture Research, Abbassa, Abo-Hammad Sharkia Governorate, Egypt.Journal Article20200501A study on cultivation of mullet (<em>Mugil cephalus</em>) in one feddan earthen ponds (4200 m<sup>2</sup> each) was done. Twelve rectangular earthen ponds were used representing six treatments, three different stocking densities (SD<sub>1</sub>, SD<sub>2</sub> and SD<sub>3</sub> being 10000, 12000 and 14000fish/feddan, respectively) within each of them two fish size (FS<sub>1</sub> and FS<sub>2</sub> , being 10.05 ± 0.12 and 20.03 ± 0.30 g, respectively). Two replicates were used for each treatment. The duration of the experiment was 12 months. The treatment of 12000 fish / feddan with 20 g/ fish showed the best results of marketable size, net yield (6562.58kg/feddan) and highest profit index (1.54 L.E). Based on the obtained results, it could be recommended that the best fish size and stocking density of mullet (<em>M.cephalus</em>) are 20 g/ fish and 12000 fish/feddan to get the optimal marketable fish size and economical return under pond farm management conditionsMansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36421820100801THE ACTION OF CHROMIUM, INSULIN OR THEIR COMBINATION ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF RABBIT DOES AND THEIR OFFSPRING.3453588624010.21608/jappmu.2010.86240ENA. E.Abdel-KhalekAnim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.0000-0002-7839-2353M. A.El-HarairyAnim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.M. Y.El-AyekAnim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.A. E. B.GhodaiaAnim. Prod. Dept., Fac. Agric., Mansoura University.Journal Article20200501<strong> </strong>
To determine the effect of supplemental chromium picolinate (CrP) and insulin or their combination on reproductive performance of NZW rabbit does and growth performance of their offspring, 25 mature does and 5 bucks were used in this study. Does were divided into 4 groups, G1 (N=5, control), G2 (n=7, daily oral dose from CrP (18 μg CrP/kg LBW for two weeks), G3 (n=6, i.m. injected with 8 U insulin/doe/injection, twice at 7 day-interval), and G4 (n=7, 9 μg CrP/kg + 4 U insulin/doe/injection). All treatments were two weeks pre-insemination, while the experimental period lasted up to 3 wk post-partum of the 1<sup>st</sup> litter. Rabbits were fed <em>ad. libitum</em>, on commercially pelleted diet (17%CP and 12.3 MJ ME/kg). Does in each group were naturally mated with untreated sexually mature bucks. Live body weight (LBW), feed intake (FI), milk produced (MP) of each doe was recorded during three successive weeks post-partum. Blood samples were collected at the end of the experimental period. Results revealed that during the treatment period (2 weeks), FI decreased (P<0.05) in G2 and was not affected in G3 and G4 compared with the control group. During post-partum (1-2 or 2-3 wk), FI decreased (P<0.05) in G2 compared with G3 and G4, but did not differ significantly from the control group. There was insignificant effect of treatment on LBW of does during treatment weeks or at 3 wk post-partum. In blood serum, concentration of Cr increased (P<0.05) by 16% in G2 (1.311 ppm), modest in G4 (1.144 ppm), and the lowest in G3 (0.889 ppm), which did not differ significantly from that in the control group (0.811 ppm). Concentration of glucose decreased (P<0.05) in G2, G3 and G4 as compared to the control group by about 20.6, 14.8 and 20.8%, respectively. The effect of treatment on concentration of creatinine or T3 and T4 in blood serum was not significant. Activity of AST and ALT was higher (P<0.05) in all treatment groups than in the control group. Milk produced from rabbit does was higher (P<0.05) in G3 (213.6 g/doe) than in other groups (186.2-199.5 g/doe). Conception rate was higher (P<0.05) in G3 and G4 (100%) than in G2 and control groups (85.7 and 60%) after the 1<sup>st</sup> service and was 85.7 and 80% as cumulative rate after the 2<sup>nd</sup> service. Number of services per conception (NS/C) was lesser (P<0.05) in G3 and G4 than in the control group (1 service in each vs. 1.40 in control). Does in G2 showed lesser NS/C (1.14 services/conception) than the control group and greater than G3 and G4, but the differences were not significant. Litter size at birth was 8.5, 7.5, 7.0 and 4.5/litter in G3, G4, G2 and control group. Average total litter weight per doe was the highest (P<0.05) for does in G3, followed by G4 and the lowest in G2 and control groups.
In conclusion, treatment of doe rabbits with two injections of insulin (8 U/doe) or 9 μg CrP/kg + 4 U insulin/doe/injection), 7 days apart had beneficial effects on reproductive performance of NZW does in term of increasing litter size and growth performance of their offspring in term of increasing litter weight.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-36421820100801INTENSIVE PRODUCTION OF COMMON CARP(Cyprinus carpio .L.) FINGERLINGS REARED IN CONCRETE PONDS3593708624110.21608/jappmu.2010.86241ENN. F.Abdel-HakimFaculty of Agriculture , Al - Azhar University , CairoM. S.HusseinFaculty of Agriculture , Al - Azhar University , CairoE. I.AttiaCentral Laboratory for Fish Resources and Research, Abbassa, Agricultural Research CenterJournal Article20200501This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different stocking densities on the growth performance of common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em>) fingerlings reared in concrete ponds to produce the requested fingerlings prior to the next production season.
This experiment was concluded the following treatments: Treatment 1 = stocked by the rate of 25 fish/m<sup>3 </sup>Treatment 2 = stocked by the rate of 50 fish /m<sup>3 </sup>Treatment 3= stocked by the rate of 75 fish /m<sup>3</sup>.All treatments were in triplicate, and fed with 25% crud protein of prepared artificial pelleted feed and reared in 20 m<sup>3</sup> of concrete ponds. The duration of the experiment was 20 weeks.
<strong>Results are summarized in the following:</strong>
- Final body weight was affected with stocking density, the analysis of variance revealed that groups an average final weight decreased significantly (p≤ 0.05) with each increase in the stocking density. The same trend was observed in the body weight gain per fish. Total weight/pond and total weight gain /pond were in opposite trend where it were significant increase (p≤ 0.05) with each increase in stocking density.
- Total body length and relative growth rate (RGR%) of reared fish was significantly (p<0.05) decreased with each increase in stocking density at the end of the experimental period.
- The values of specific growth rate(SGR%) which influenced after rearing period (20 week) with the stocking density by slightly decrease with each increase in the stocking density.
- Condition factor (K) of <em>Cyprinus carpio , </em>showed a slight decrease with each increase in three stocking densities applied after the rearing periods of 137 days.
- Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was indicated that for stocking density tested improved with each decrease of the stocking density.
- The highest survival rate(91%) was combined to the lowest stocking density 25 fish/m<sup>3</sup>, while the lowest value (73%) was under the highest stocking density of 75 fish m<sup>3</sup>.
- Daily weight gain(g/fish)significant decrease(p≤0.05)with each increase in stocking density
- Water quality parameters through the experimental duration was in favorable range for fish culture (water temperature, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, pH, total hardness and total alkalinity).
- All results indicated that the total production and other growth performance parameters were decreased significantly (p≤ 0.05) with the increasing stocking density.