Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364210320190301Ovarian Biometry, Oocyte Yield and Oocyte Quality of Baladi Goats as Affected by Ovarian Status in Breeding and Non-Breeding Season41474031010.21608/jappmu.2019.40310ENSh. AGabrAnimal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, EgyptW. M.NagyAnimal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, EgyptM. A.AliAnimal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, EgyptJournal Article20190710The current study was undertaken to elucidate the effect of ovarian status in breeding and non-breeding season on the ovarian biometry, oocyte yield and oocyte quality of Baladi goats. Ovaries were collected by slicing from slaughter houses and classified with or without CLs during breeding (September-December) and non-breeding (March-July) seasons. Ovaries were weighed and measured, while oocytes were recoverded, yielded and categorized with or without CLs in breeding or non-breeding seasons. Results showed that ovarian weight and biometry (length, width and thickness) were higher in breeding than in non-breeding season, but the differences were significantly only for width. Number of follicles and oocytes/ovary (P<0.001) as well as number/ovary and proportion of oocytes at compact (P<0.0001) and denuded (P<0.05) stage were higher in breeding season than in non-breeding one. Number of degenerated oocytes/ovary was not affected significantly by season, but its proportion was lower (P<0.001) in breeding than in non-breading season. Number/ovary and proportion of partial denuded oocytes and proportion of denuded oocyte were not affected significantly by breeding season. Weight and biometry of ovaries was higher on ovaries bearing CL (CL+) than in non-bearing ones (CL-). Only ovarian width was higher (P<0.001) by 38% in CL+ than in CL- group. Ovaries bearing CL had higher (P<0.05) total follicles and oocyte yield/ovary (P<0.01) as well as oocyte recovery rate (P<0.05) than CL- ovaries. Number of compact, denuded and partial denuded oocytes/ovary was not affected by CL bearing. Number of compact oocytes tended to be greater on ovaries without than with CL. Number of degenerated oocytes/ovary was higher (P<0.05) on CL+ ovaries. Proportion of all oocyte categories was not affected by bearing CL. Finally, the effect of interaction between breeding season and bearing CL on all parameters studied was not significant. In conclusion, the goat ovaries without CL in breeding season yielded better oocyte quality than in non-breeding season, in term of COCs proportion. During non-breeding season, goats oocytes were available to be harvested from slaughtered goat does with acceptable yield and quality.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364210320190301Effect of Stocking Density with Supplementation Probiotic on Productive and Economical Performance in Local Growing Rabbits49584035610.21608/jappmu.2019.40356ENM. M.BesharaAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptMona A.RagabAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptA. El. M. I.El DesokyAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptH. N.FahimAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptA. M.El-ShhatAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptA. M.AlazabAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptA. A.El-gamalAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Minis. of Agric., Dokki, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20190710<strong> </strong>
An indoor experiment with factorial design (3 × 2) was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of dietary Saltose Ex<sup>®</sup> probiotic on productive performance and economic efficiency parameters of growing black Balady rabbits reared under different stocking density (SD) rates for 7 weeks. A total of 72 rabbits (7 weeks old) were divided into six treatments. The experimental treatments were being as follow; T<sub>1</sub>: rabbits fed basal diet (BD) + 0.0 g probiotic / Kg diet and reared under SD of 3 rabbits / cage, T<sub>2</sub>: rabbits fed BD + 0.4 g probiotic / Kg diet and reared under SD of 3 rabbits / cage, T<sub>3</sub> : rabbits fed BD + 0.0 g probiotic / Kg diet and reared under SD of 4 rabbits / cage, T<sub>4</sub>: rabbits fed BD + 0.4 g probiotic / Kg diet and reared under SD of 4 rabbits / cage, T<sub>5</sub>: rabbits fed BD + 0.0 g probiotic / Kg diet and reared under SD of 5 rabbits / cage and T<sub>6</sub>: rabbits fed BD + 0.4 g probiotic / Kg diet and reared under SD of 5 rabbits / cage during the period from 7 to 14 weeks of age. The obtained results revealed that addition of 0.4 g Saltose Ex<sup>®</sup>/Kg diet not only alleviated the drastic effects of high SD on rabbits, but also significantly improved of growth performance, nutrients utilization, carcass quality traits, microbial activity, hematological parameters, besides it led to slightly increased of economic efficiency parameters of growing rabbits especially those reared under high SD (5 rabbits / cage). Thus, it could be concluded the addition of 0.4 g Saltose Ex<sup>®</sup> / Kg diet had useful and practical effects on performance of growing black Balady rabbits reared under high stocking density, specifically reared in cages.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364210320190301Effect of Dietary Zinc-Methionine on Growth, Carcass Traits, Antioxidants and Immunity of Growing Rabbits59664035810.21608/jappmu.2019.40358ENM. . M.1El-MoghazyDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Dameitta University, Dameitta, EgyptH. A.El-FadalyDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Dameitta University, Dameitta, EgyptE. I.KhalifaAnimal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt.M. A.MohamedDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Dameitta University, Dameitta, EgyptJournal Article20190710Effect of dietary zinc-methionine (Zn-Me), on growth performance, carcass characteristics, anti-oxidant status, immunity, liver and kidney functions of NZW growing rabbits was studied. Total of 80 rabbits were assigned into 4 groups fed basal diet with 0 (G1), 50 (G2), 100 (G3) and 150 (G4) mg of Zn-Me/kg diet, respectively. The average of body weight, weight gain, daily feed intake and feed conversion, performance index and viability rate were recorded at age intervals from 5 to 13 wk. The carcass characteristics, hematological and biochemicals, anti-oxidant and Immunoglobulins in serum were determined at the termination of the experimental period (13 wk). Results revealed that Zn-Me (100mg/kg diet) addition increased (P<0.05) growth performance (body weight of rabbits at 9 and 13 wk of age, and daily gain of rabbits at 5~13 wk of age interval), hemoglobin, red blood cells, platelets and hematocrit, and neutrophils and eosinophils, serum total proteins, glucose, total anti-oxidant capacity, glutathione reduced ,glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase, and immunoglobulins concentrations. The count of blood cells and lymphocytes, monocytes and acidophils percentages, and triglycerides, creatinine, urea concentrations, and enzyme activity and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances concentration decreased (P<0.05) as affected by Zn-Me (100mg/kg diet). The carcass net weight, dressing percentages (based on carcass net carcass weight or plus edible organs), and spleen and heart weight percentages were (P<0.05) the highest in G3 compared with other groups. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with zinc-methionine (100 mg/kg diet) can improve growth performance, lipid profile, immunity and anti-oxidant status, without adversely effects on kidney and liver functions of growing rabbits.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364210320190301Different Types and Levels of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract as a Source of Antibiotics in Friesian Bull Semen Extender67714052610.21608/jappmu.2019.40526ENM. E. R.HammadAnimal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt.W. M.WafaAnimal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, EgyptA. A.GabrAnimal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt.A. Y.ElkishkyAnimal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Egypt.Journal Article20190711This study aimed to evaluate the effect of addition of aqueous or methanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MOLE) at different levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 μg/ml) as antibiotic alternative to Friesian bull semen extender on sperm characteristics post-dilution, equilibration and thawed. The enzyme activity and antioxidant capacity of bull seminal plasma were determined in post-thawed semen. Five Friesian bulls (3-4 years old and 400-450 kg LBW) were used. Semen was collected from bulls by an artificial vagina twice a week for 5 weeks. After ejaculation semen was evaluated for mass motility and only the ejaculates of ≥70% percentage were pooled and diluted at 37<sup>0</sup>C using citrate-egg yolk extender and divided into seven portions, control (E1), 100 (E2), 200 (E3), 300 (E4) μg aqueous MOLE /ml semen extender or 100 (E5), 200 (E6), 300 (E7) μg methanolic MOLE /ml semen extender. After semen dilution it was equilibrated at 5<sup>0</sup>C for 4 h then it placed in liquid nitrogen at -196<sup>0</sup>C. Frozen semen stored for two month was thawed at 37<sup>0</sup>C for 30 sec. Semen samples were evaluated for characteristics including sperm motility, livability, abnormality, acrosome damage and hypo osmotic swelling test (sperm cells with curled tail) in diluted, equilibrated and thawed semen. Activity of AST, ALT, LDH, catalase and glutathione in post thawed samples seminal plasma were determined. The present results indicated that adding 300 μg of methanolic <em>Moringa oleifera leaves</em> extract to each 1 ml of citrate-egg yolk extender as an alternative to penicillin and streptomycin can improve quality of Friesian bull semen during different preservation stages.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364210320190301Freezing and Fertilizing Abilities of Summer Semen of Egyptian Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Bulls Using Moring Extract as Antibiotic or as a New Promising Extender73804052710.21608/jappmu.2019.40527ENH. A.El-NagarAnimal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.A. M.EL RefyBiotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, EgyptA. M.MousbahBiotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, EgyptJournal Article20190711Semen collection is the business for various artificial insemination organizations, hence the management of entire process of collection is quite critical. Therefore, the trend now is to design procedures or refine methodologies so as to maximize the production of good quality semen without discarding too many poor quality ejaculates. The present work aimed to study the effect of seasons (winter vs. summer) on buffalo semen characteristics, and evaluating the freezing ability and fertilizing ability of buffalo semen collected in summer and extended with ethanolic <em>Moringa oleifera </em>leaf extract (eMOLE) natural antibiotics and antioxidant in extender. Semen was collected twice weekly by artificial vagina from four healthy matured buffalo bulls (400-450 kg body weight 4-5 years old) during winter and summer seasons for 10 weeks in winter (Dec-February) and in summer (July-August). Ejaculates were evaluated for some semen characteristics during both seasons (1<sup>st</sup> experiment). In the 2<sup>nd</sup> experiment, only ejaculates of ≥70% as initial sperm motility were extended by citrate egg yolk (CEY), eMOLE as anti-biotics in CEY (CEYm), eMOLE and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (-196<sup>o</sup>C). Post-thawed semen was evaluated physically and chemically, and pregnancy rate as done as a fertility study. Results show that ejaculate volume, and percentages of live, acrosome integrity, and membrane integrity, increased (P˂0.05) in summer compared with winter. However, the effect of season on semen density, and motility and abnormal sperm percentages was not significant. Extension of semen by eMOLE resulted improving (P<0.05) percentage of sperm motility, livability, abnormality and intact acrosome in post-thawed semen. Also, enzyme activities (AST, ALT and LDH) reduced to the minimal levels in seminal plasma of post-thawed semen with eMOLE. Replacing antibiotics in CEY extender by eMOLE (4 ml/100 ml) had no significant effect on all sperm characteristics and enzyme activity. Semen extended with eMOLE showed significantly (P<0.05) higher fertility rate (83.3%) than that extended with CEY or CEYm (66.6%, P<0.05). In conclusion, buffalo semen collection during summer months (July-August) in Egypt can be used for insemination in association with better quality than that of winter semen. From the economical point of view, eMOLE is considered as a new promising extender and as an alternative for anti-biotic and efficient antioxidant in extenders of buffalo semen collected and cryopreserved during summer.Mansoura University, Faculty of AgricultureJournal of Animal and Poultry Production2090-364210320190301Effect of Olive Cake Pulp as A Partial or A Complete Substitute of Wheat Bran in Growing Rabbits’ Diet on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and Blood Constituents under North Sinai Conditions83884053010.21608/jappmu.2019.40530ENE. . O. A.BakrCollege of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, ArishUniversity, Al-Arish, North Sinai, EgyptM. M.ShetaewiCollege of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, ArishUniversity, Al-Arish, North Sinai, EgyptA. El. M. I.El-DesokyAnim. Prod. Res. Inst., Agric. Res. Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.Journal Article20190711Sixty weaned New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes aged 6 wk and weighed 715 g were randomly divided into four treatment groups (15 rabbits each) to evaluate the possibility of feeding growing rabbits on diets containing olive cake pulp (OCP) as partial or complete substitution of wheat bran. The first group (C) was fed the basal diet as control (0%OCP), while the other three treatment groups (L, M, H) were fed diets containing 15, 20 and 25%OCP, respectively replacing wheat bran in the basal diet. All the experimental diets contained nearly the same level of crude protein (CP) and digestible energy (DE). All the experimental diets were formulated to cover the nutrient requirements of rabbits. Results revealed that dietary treatments had no significant effect on live body weight (LBW), total weight gain (TWG), average daily gain (ADG) and daily fed intake (DFI) at different ages (6-14 wk). At the same time, LBW, TWG and ADG tended to be higher in rabbits fed M and H diets than those fed C and L diets. Daily feed intake of the L group tended to be lower (P>0.05) than that of the other groups (C, M and H). Feed conversion of H group was the best compared with the other groups (C, L and M groups). Glucose and triglycerides levels in blood serum of rabbits decreased significantly (P<0.05) due to treatment. However, serum total protein, albumin, globulin, Alb/Glo, cholesterol, urea, creatinine, AST and ALT were not affected significantly (P>0.05) by treatment. Almost carcass traits (empty carcass, edible giblets and dressing) were not affected (P>0.05) by treatment. From the economic point of view, it appears that the inclusion of OCP in growing rabbit diets by 15, 20, 25% instead of wheat bran as fed basis decreased feed cost/ kg gain by 9.11, 7.25 and 14.32%, respectively. The economic efficiency values of the experimental diets were increased by 23.88, 20.15 and 26.73%, respectively compared with the control diet. In conclusion, olive cake pulp (OCP) could be incorporated in growing rabbits diets up to 25% without adverse effects on growth performance, carcass traits, blood constituents and economic efficiency.