REDUCTION OF THE DIETARY TOXICITY OF T-2 TOXIN AND DIACETOXYSCIRPENOL (DAS) BY GARLIC IN FISH

Shehata,, S. A.; Askar, A. A.; Mohamed, M. S.

doi:10.21608/jappmu.2003.245284

REDUCTION OF THE DIETARY TOXICITY OF T-2 TOXIN AND DIACETOXYSCIRPENOL (DAS) BY GARLIC IN FISH

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Animal Production, Fac. of Agric., Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt.

² Department of Poultry Production, Fac. of Agric., Zagazig Univ., Zagazig, Egypt.

³ Aquaculture Research Lab., Abbassa, Abo-Hamad, Egypt.

10.21608/jappmu.2003.245284

Abstract

Nine experimental groups in a 3 X 3 factorial design were used to evaluate the
efficiency of garlic in detoxification of T-z toxin and DAS in fish diets. The experimental
groups were: Control (commercial diet); 2% garlic; 4% garlic; T-2 toxin (4 mg IKg diet);
T-2 toxin plus 2% garlic; T-z toxin plus 4% garlic; diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) (10 mg/kg
diet); DAS plus 2% garlic; DAS plus 4% garlic. There were 3 replicate aquariums of 10
fish Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) per aquarium for each experimental group.
The fish were maintained on the tested diets for 3 weeks and fed at a rate of 2% of
the total body weight. T-2 toxin and DAS had bad effect on the biological performance
of fish. It caused loss (P ~ 0.05) in live body weight; increase in mortality rate (P ~
0.01); reduction (P ~ 0.01) in values 0 f hemoglobin, h ematocrite, total protein and
albumin and increase (P ~ 0.05) in activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and
alanine aminotransferase (AL T). Furthermore, the tissues of body organs (liver:
kidney and spleen) suffered from these toxic effects, since liver and kidney showed
sever destruction; focal coagulative necrosis or hydropic degeneration beside
inactivation of hepatopancrease. Hemorrhages, congested sinusoids or ellipsoids
were seen in spleen. Adding garliC to the contaminated diets reduced the toxic effect
of the two toxins 0 n growth performance; mortality rate; blood parameters and the
histological structure of the tested tissues. Most of results indicated that addition of
2% garlic showed higher improvement than that of 4%.